Overview of modifiers of methylmercury neurotoxicity: Chemicals, nutrients, and the social environment
Overview of modifiers of methylmercury neurotoxicity: Chemicals, nutrients, and the social environment
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuro.2008.07.004
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Rice, Deborah C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rice, Deborah C.
几十年来，人们都知道甲基汞是一种强效的神经毒物，而且发育中的大脑比成年人更容易因接触甲基汞而受到损害。甲基汞的接触完全是通过食用鱼类和海洋哺乳动物进行的。近年来，流行病学和实验研究都探讨了鱼类中营养物质（特别是 omega-3 脂肪酸和硒）预防甲基汞和毒性的潜力。几项研究的证据表明，鱼类消费本身和甲基汞的身体负担对神经心理学结果起着相反的作用，而迄今为止发表的流行病学和实验研究中，特定营养素的保护作用的证据是矛盾的。动物模型和人体研究都探讨了甲基汞与海洋食品中存在的其他化学物质（特别是多氯联苯）相互作用的可能性。结果可能取决于暴露和终点。塞舌尔群岛的研究探讨了社会环境改变发育期甲基汞暴露影响的潜力。了解决定甲基汞暴露最终行为结果的多种因素之间的相互作用对于风险评估和风险管理决策至关重要。 (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
It has been known for decades that methylmercury is a potent neurotoxicant, and that the developing brain is more susceptible to impairment as a result of methylmercury exposure than is the adult. Exposure to methylmercury is exclusively through consumption of fish and marine mammals. In recent years, the potential for protection against methylmercury, toxicity by nutrients present in fish, particularly omega-3 fatty acids and selenium, has been explored in both epidemiological and experimental studies. There is evidence from several studies that fish consumption per se and methylmercury body burden act in opposition with regard to neuropsychological outcomes, whereas the evidence for a protective effect of specific nutrients is contradictory in both epidemiological and experimental studies published to date. The potential for methylmercury to interact with other chemicals present in marine food, particularly PCBs, has been explored in both animal models and human studies. Results may be both exposure- and endpoint-dependent. The Seychelles Islands study has explored the potential for the social environment to modify the effects of developmental methylmercury exposure. An understanding of the interactions of the multiple factors that determine the final behavioral outcome of exposure to methylmercury is crucial to risk assessment and risk management decisions. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.