Decreased sound tolerance and Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT).
Decreased sound tolerance and Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT).
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DOI：
10.1375/audi.24.2.74.31105
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jastreboff, Pawel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jastreboff, Margaret M.;Jastreboff, Pawel J.
耳鸣再训练疗法（TRT）的主要目的是使自主神经系统的激活习惯化，由听觉通路中存在的信号引起。声音疗法旨在降低这些信号的强度。大脑中的相同系统参与耳鸣和声音耐受性降低，并且相同的基本神经生理学机制用于降低耳鸣相关的神经元活动，并且在听觉过敏的情况下，由外部声音诱导的异常增强的活动。耳鸣和恐音症之间的TRT治疗的相似性甚至更接近，因为在这两种情况下，目标是实现听觉和边缘系统和自主神经系统之间的功能连接的灭绝。听觉通路内的增加的增益可能是引起听觉过敏的原因，可以增强耳鸣信号，因此可以预期耳鸣和听觉过敏的共存，以及听觉过敏患者发展耳鸣的倾向。因此，对于一些患者来说，耳鸣和听觉过敏可能被认为是同一内部现象的双重表现。
The main objective of Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT) is habituation of activation of the autonomic nervous system, evoked by signals present in the auditory pathways. Sound therapy aims at decreasing the strength of these signals. The same systems in the brain are involved in tinnitus and decreased sound tolerance, and the same basic neurophysiological mechanisms are utilised for decreasing the tinnitus-related neuronal activity and, in case of hyperacusis, abnormally enhanced activity induced by external sounds. The similarity of TRT treatment between tinnitus and misophonia is even closer, as in both situations the goal is to achieve extinction of functional connections between the auditory and the limbic and autonomic nervous systems. The increased gain within the auditory pathways that are presumably responsible for hyperacusis could enhance the tinnitus signal, thus it is possible to expect coexistence of tinnitus and hyperacusis, and the predisposition of hyperacusis patients to develop tinnitus. As such, for some patients tinnitus and hyperacusis may be considered the double manifestation of the same internal phenomenon.