High density of white‐faced capuchins ( Cebus capucinus ) and habitat quality in the Taboga Forest of Costa Rica
High density of white‐faced capuchins ( Cebus capucinus ) and habitat quality in the Taboga Forest of Costa Rica
复制标题
哥斯达黎加塔博加森林白脸卷尾猴（Cebus capucinus）的高密度和栖息地质量
DOI：
10.1002/ajp.23096
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Bergman, Thore J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tinsley Johnson, Elizabeth;Benítez, Marcela E.;Fuentes, Alexander;McLean, Celia R.;Norford, Ariek B.;Ordoñez, Juan Carlos;Beehner, Jacinta C.;Bergman, Thore J.
在全球范围内，灵长类动物受到人类活动的威胁。对于热带干燥森林中发现的物种来说尤其如此，这些物种基本上仍未受到保护。面对人类活动，我们预测灵长类动物数量的能力取决于不同物种的敏感性以及森林本身的特征。我们研究了塔博加森林中的植物和灵长类动物的分布和丰度。塔博加森林位于哥斯达黎加西北部，是一片516公顷的热带干燥森林，周围是农田。我们发现，在塔博加白面卷尾猴(Cebus Capucinus)的密度是其他长期白面卷尾猴密度的2-6倍。利用植物样带，我们还发现与其他热带干燥森林相比，物种丰富度、多样性和公平性相对较高。边缘样带(即距森林边界100 m范围内)与内部样带的区别有两个方面：(A)与干燥森林演替有关的树种在边缘得到很好的确立，(B)边缘的树冠覆盖常年保持，而内部森林是落叶的。卷尾猴的目测率在水源附近较高，但在森林边缘和内部之间没有差异。为了进行比较，我们还发现塔博加森林中唯一的另一种灵长类动物--叫猴(Alouatta Palliata)也是如此。常年获取水源或许可以解释为什么一些灵长类物种即使在人为干扰的情况下也能繁衍生息。像塔博加这样的森林碎片可能会支持某些物种的高密度，因为它们提供了马赛克般的栖息地和关键资源，缓冲了不利的生态条件。
Across the globe, primates are threatened by human activities. This is especially true for species found in tropical dry forests, which remain largely unprotected. Our ability to predict primate abundance in the face of human activity depends on different species' sensitivities as well as on the characteristics of the forest itself. We studied plant and primate distribution and abundance in the Taboga Forest, a 516‐ha tropical dry forest surrounded by agricultural fields in northwestern Costa Rica. We found that the density of white‐faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus) at Taboga is 2–6 times higher than reported for other long‐term white‐faced capuchin sites. Using plant transects, we also found relatively high species richness, diversity, and equitability compared with other tropical dry forests. Edge transects (i.e., within 100 m from the forest boundary) differed from interior transects in two ways: (a) tree species associated with dry forest succession were well‐established in the edge and (b) canopy cover in the edge was maintained year‐round, while the interior forest was deciduous. Sighting rates for capuchins were higher near water sources but did not vary between the edge and interior forest. For comparison, we also found the same to be true for the only other primate in the Taboga Forest, mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata). Year‐round access to water might explain why some primate species can flourish even alongside anthropogenic disturbance. Forest fragments like Taboga may support high densities of some species because they provide a mosaic of habitats and key resources that buffer adverse ecological conditions.