Hierarchically structured carbon/carbon nanocomposites with adjustable porosity fabricated by twin polymerization
Hierarchically structured carbon/carbon nanocomposites with adjustable porosity fabricated by twin polymerization
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DOI：
10.1016/j.micromeso.2017.03.012
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发表时间：
2017-07
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
T. Windberg;T. Ebert;D. Uhlig;S. Schulze;S. Spange
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Windberg;T. Ebert;D. Uhlig;S. Schulze;S. Spange
通过随后在炭黑和二氧化硅颗粒上进行孪生单体的表面聚合，制备具有复杂核壳结构和可调节孔隙率的碳材料。双单体 2,2'-螺双[4H-1,3,2-苯并二氧杂苯] (Spiro) 和四糠氧基硅烷 (TFOS) 一步聚合成一种无机/有机杂化材料，该材料分别含有纳米结构二氧化硅和酚醛树脂或聚（糠醇）作为有机聚合物。碳化并去除二氧化硅后，获得具有规定孔隙率的多孔碳壳。在此过程中，螺基材料产生微孔碳，TFOS基材料产生介孔碳。单体、催化剂和底物的量可以变化。这样可以创建具有不同特性（例如受控孔隙率、形态和分层结构）的多孔碳材料库。因此，通过使用炭黑颗粒作为基材和螺双单体可以实现具有微孔壳的介孔碳。此外，通过TFOS和Spiron二氧化硅颗粒的后续聚合，可以合成具有分级结构的双壳碳空心球。通过定量元素分析、热重测量、SEM/EDX、TEM、氮吸附等温线和汞孔隙率测定法对多孔碳材料进行了表征。
Carbon materials with a complex core-shell structure and adjustable porosity are fabricated by subsequent surface polymerization of twin monomers on carbon black and silica particles. The twin monomers 2,2’-spirobi[4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasiline] (Spiro) and tetrafurfuryloxysilane (TFOS) are polymerized in one step to an inorganic/organic hybrid material, which contains nanostructured silica and phenolic resin or poly(furfuryl alcohol), respectively, as organic polymer. After carbonization and the removal of silica, a porous carbon shell with defined porosity is obtained. In this process,Spirobased materials produce microporous carbon andTFOSbased materials produce a mesoporous carbon. Quantities of monomer, catalyst and substrate can be varied. This allows to create a library of porous carbon materials with different properties such as controlled porosity, morphology and hierarchically structuring. Thus, mesoporous carbon with a microporous shell can be achieved by using carbon black particles as substrate andSpiroas twin monomer. Furthermore, carbon hollow spheres with a double shell with hierarchically structuring can be synthesized by subsequent polymerization ofTFOSandSpiroon silica particles. The porous carbon materials were characterized by quantitative elemental analysis, thermogravimetric measurements, SEM/EDX, TEM, nitrogen sorption isotherms and mercury porosimetry.