Manipulating patterns of dynamic deformation elicits the impression of cloth with varying stiffness
Manipulating patterns of dynamic deformation elicits the impression of cloth with varying stiffness
复制标题
DOI：
10.1167/19.5.18
复制
发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Xiao, Bei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bi, Wenyan;Jin, Peiran;Xiao, Bei
布料是一种常见的材料，人类可以通过观察它在外力作用下如何变形来直观地估计它的机械性能。在这里，我们问是否以及如何动态变形可以影响织物的机械性能的感知。在实验1中，我们发现，固有的机械性能和光学性能影响刚度知觉时，刺激作为图像。相比之下，在视频中，人类可以部分地忽略光学外观的影响，并对刚度表现出更高的敏感性。我们进一步确定了一种特殊的变形模式（即，运动均匀性）来区分刚度，这可以通过六个光流特征可靠地测量。在实验2中，我们通过从布料的3-D网格创建动态点刺激来隔离变形。我们直接改变的运动模式，通过操纵点刺激的位移矢量的均匀性，并表明，改变动态变形的模式单独可以改变感知的刚度布在各种场景设置。此外，通过分析从操纵的动态点刺激提取的光流场，我们证实了相同的六个光流特征可以诊断在不同场景中移动的布料的刚度程度。总的来说，我们的研究表明，操纵模式的动态变形单独可以引起不同刚度的布的印象，这表明人类视觉系统可能依赖于特质模式的动态变形估计刚度。
Cloth is a common material, and humans can visually estimate its mechanical properties by observing how it deforms under external forces. Here, we ask whether and how dynamic deformation can affect the perception of mechanical properties of cloth. In Experiment 1, we find that both intrinsic mechanical properties and optical properties affect stiffness perception when the stimuli are presented as images. By contrast, in videos, humans can partially discount the effect of optical appearances and exhibit higher sensitivity to stiffness. We further identified an idiosyncratic deformation pattern (i.e., movement uniformity) to differentiate stiffness, which can be reliably measured by six optical flow features. In Experiment 2, we isolate the deformation by creating dynamic dot stimuli from the 3-D mesh of the cloth. We directly alter the movement pattern by manipulating the uniformity of the displacement vectors on the dot stimuli and show that changing the pattern of dynamic deformation alone can alter the perceived stiffness of cloth in a variety of scene setups. Furthermore, by analyzing optical flow fields extracted from the manipulated dynamic dot stimuli, we confirmed the same six optical flow features can be diagnostic of the degree of stiffness of moving cloth across different scenes. Overall, our study demonstrates that manipulating patterns of dynamic deformation alone can elicit the impression of cloth with varying stiffness, suggesting that the human visual system might rely on the idiosyncratic pattern of dynamic deformation for estimating stiffness.