Estimating spatial and temporal patterns of urban building anthropogenic heat using a bottom-up city building heat emission model
Estimating spatial and temporal patterns of urban building anthropogenic heat using a bottom-up city building heat emission model
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DOI：
10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105996
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发表时间：
2022-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wei Chen;Yuyu Zhou;Yanhua Xie;Gang Chen;K. Ding;Dan Li
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作者：
Wei Chen;Yuyu Zhou;Yanhua Xie;Gang Chen;K. Ding;Dan Li
建筑物的人为热量（AH）排放是城市热岛（UHI）效应的关键因素。虽然建筑AH的时空模式的理解是非常需要减轻城市热岛效应，这样的信息仍然是有限的，在城市水平的高时空分辨率。在这项研究中，一个自下而上的城市建筑热辐射模型（CityBHEM）被开发出来，从三个组成部分（即，围护结构对流、区域渗透和渗出以及HVAC系统）。首先，根据建筑类型、建造年份和地基类型，波士顿的建筑被分为11个商业建筑和5个住宅建筑原型。其次，开发了基于最终用途的校准，以使用美国能源信息署的调查数据校准CityBHEM。最后，使用校准的CityBHEM模型以及建筑类型和尺寸计算实际天气条件下城市中所有建筑物的AH。结果表明，后湾小区夏季建筑空气总密度最大，为526 kWh/m2（空调系统占56%，围护结构对流占44%）;冬季建筑空气总密度最小，为369 kWh/m2（空调系统占54%，围护结构对流占24%，区域渗透和渗出占22%）。相比之下，郊区社区的总建筑AH密度在夏季低于30 kWh/m2，在冬季低于20 kWh/m2。鉴于关键的投入是公开的，CityBHEM可转移到其他美国城市，使我们能够探索实际的建筑节能战略，以减轻AH。
Anthropogenic heat (AH) emission from buildings is a key contributor to the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Although an improved understanding of spatiotemporal patterns of building AH is highly needed for mitigating UHI effect, such information is still limited in high spatiotemporal resolutions at the city level. In this study, a bottom-up city building heat emission model (CityBHEM) was developed to investigate temporal variations of building AH from three components (i.e., envelope convection, zone infiltration and exfiltration, and HVAC system) for all buildings in Boston, United States. First, buildings in Boston were grouped into eleven commercial and five residential building prototypes based on building type, construction year, and foundation type. Second, an end-use-based calibration was developed to calibrate CityBHEM using U.S. Energy Information Administration's survey data. Finally, AH from all buildings in the city under actual weather conditions was calculated using the calibrated CityBHEM model together with building types and sizes. Results indicate that total building AH density of Back Bay neighborhood reaches the maximum value of 526 kWh/m2in summer (56% of HVAC system and 44% of envelope convection) and the minimum value of 369 kWh/m2in winter (54% of HVAC system, 24% of envelope convection and 22% of zone infiltration and exfiltration). In contrast, total building AH density of suburban neighborhoods is lower than 30 kWh/m2in summer and 20 kWh/m2in winter. Given that key inputs are publicly available, CityBHEM is transferable to other U.S. cities, enabling us to explore practical building energy-saving strategies for mitigating AH.