Is postconflict affiliation in captive nonhuman primates an artifact of captivity?
Is postconflict affiliation in captive nonhuman primates an artifact of captivity?
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DOI：
10.1007/s10764-006-9080-x
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Colmenares, Fernando
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Colmenares, Fernando
研究人员对圈养环境中灵长类冲突的管理和解决进行了大部分研究。关于圈养和野外同一物种群体的少数研究，以及在这两种环境下研究结果的跨物种总体比较，都报告了可能与环境相关的各种冲突后亲和行为比率的变化模式。事实上，一些作者声称，在圈养研究中报告的冲突后从属关系的高比率可能是圈养的产物。我研究了这一说法，得出的结论是它是不合理的。我认为，圈养和野生的二分法在概念上是没有意义的，科学家应该放弃它作为一个解释变量，不同的研究在设定相关变量和评估冲突后从属关系的方法上的差异降低了在环境内和跨环境下进行比较的力度，迄今获得的经验证据既不允许进行充分的评估，也不支持任何将冲突后从属关系比率与圈养或野生条件联系起来的说法，在这两种环境下进行的研究可能同样有用--而且应该使用--从理论上检验关于冲突后从属关系变化的原因和预测因素的相关假设。我不会问标题问题，而是问哪些变量会影响冲突后的从属关系，然后问这些变量是否真的只与两种设置中的一种相关。
Researchers have conducted most studies on primate conflict management and resolution in captive settings. The few studies on groups of the same species in captivity and in the wild and the overall comparison across species of findings from studies in both settings have reported patterns of variation in the rates of various postconflict affinitive behaviors that may be setting related. In fact, some authors have claimed that the high rates of postconflict affiliation reported in captive studies could represent an artifact of captivity. I explored the claim and conclude that it is unjustified. I argue that the dichotomy captivity vs. wild is conceptually meaningless and scientists should abandon it as an explanatory variable, that differences across studies both in setting-related variables and in the methods used for assessing postconflict affiliation reduce the strength of comparisons within and across settings, that the empirical evidence thus far available neither allows adequate assessment nor supports any claim that links the rate of postconflict affiliation to captivity or wild conditions, and that studies conducted in both settings may be equally useful-and should be used-to test theoretically relevant hypotheses regarding the causes and predictors of variation in postconflict affiliation. Instead of asking the title question, I would ask which variables influence postconflict affiliation and then whether the variables are really associated only with one of the two settings.