Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analysis of saliva reveals disease-associated microbiota in patients with periodontitis and dental caries
Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analysis of saliva reveals disease-associated microbiota in patients with periodontitis and dental caries
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DOI：
10.1038/s41522-017-0031-4
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发表时间：
2017-10-02
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Givskov, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belstrom, Daniel;Constancias, Florentin;Givskov, Michael
据报道，唾液微生物群的分类组成可以区分口腔健康和疾病。然而，关于唾液微生物群的细菌活性和基因表达的信息是有限的。本研究的目的是对唾液微生物群进行宏基因组学和元转录组学表征，并测试唾液微生物的存在和活性可能是口腔健康状况的指标的假设。从30个个体（牙周炎：n = 10，龋齿：n = 10，口腔健康：n = 10）收集刺激的唾液样品。使用宏基因组学和元转录组学表征唾液微生物群，以比较三组之间的群落组成和基因表达。链球菌是主要的细菌属，构成约。分别占所有DNA和RNA读数的25%和50%。一个显著的疾病相关的较高相对丰度的传统牙周病原体，如牙龈卟啉单胞菌和Filifactoralocis和唾液微生物活性的F。alocis与牙周炎有关。在龋齿患者的唾液中发现了明显较高的龋齿相关细菌相对丰度，如变形链球菌和发酵乳杆菌。与牙周炎患者相比，健康对照组中参与碳水化合物代谢的多个基因的表达显著增加。使用宏基因组学和元转录组学，我们表明，相对丰富的特定口腔细菌物种和细菌基因表达的唾液与牙周炎和龋齿。进一步的纵向研究是必要的，以评估是否筛选特定的口腔细菌物种的唾液微生物活性和代谢基因表达可以识别牙周炎和龋齿在临床前阶段。
The taxonomic composition of the salivary microbiota has been reported to differentiate between oral health and disease. However, information on bacterial activity and gene expression of the salivary microbiota is limited. The purpose of this study was to perform metagenomic and metatranscriptomic characterization of the salivary microbiota and test the hypothesis that salivary microbial presence and activity could be an indicator of the oral health status. Stimulated saliva samples were collected from 30 individuals (periodontitis: n = 10, dental caries: n = 10, oral health: n = 10). Salivary microbiota was characterized using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics in order to compare community composition and the gene expression between the three groups. Streptococcus was the predominant bacterial genus constituting approx. 25 and 50% of all DNA and RNA reads, respectively. A significant disease-associated higher relative abundance of traditional periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Filifactor alocis and salivary microbial activity of F. alocis was associated with periodontitis. Significantly higher relative abundance of caries-associated bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus fermentum was identified in saliva from patients with dental caries. Multiple genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism were significantly more expressed in healthy controls compared to periodontitis patients. Using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics we show that relative abundance of specific oral bacterial species and bacterial gene expression in saliva associates with periodontitis and dental caries. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to evaluate if screening of salivary microbial activity of specific oral bacterial species and metabolic gene expression can identify periodontitis and dental caries at preclinical stages.