Cytochrome P450-dependent fatty acid hydroxylases in plants
Cytochrome P450-dependent fatty acid hydroxylases in plants
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11101-006-9041-1
复制
发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Pinot, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kandel, S.;Sauveplane, V.;Pinot, F.
在植物中，羟基脂肪酸的产生主要是由细胞色素P450依赖性脂肪酸羟化酶催化的酶促反应的结果。可以区分催化油酸末端甲基（ω位置）羟基化的ω-羟化酶和氧化链中碳（ω-n位置）的亚末端或链内羟化酶。由于这两种类型的酶是在大约三十年前发现的，因此大多数研究都集中在介导ω-羟基化的CYP 94和CYP 86家族。omega-羟化酶在角质合成中的活性已经被明确确定，但是LCR（LACERATA）和att 1（第三类基因的异常诱导）的研究表明，这些类型的omega-羟化酶可以参与植物发育的许多方面，它们是第一个在CYP 86 A8和CYP 86 A2编码序列中发生改变的拟南芥突变体。不同的ω-羟化酶在植物中的存在与不同的调节模式表明，这些酶介导不同的生物过程。尽管最初沿着ω-羟化酶一起报道，但关于链内羟化酶的信息少得多。这种信息的缺乏可能是由于在植物中描述的亚末端羟基脂肪酸的例子很少。我们在这里介绍了最好的特点脂肪酸羟化酶，我们讨论了它们在植物防御和发展，脂肪酸催化剂，植物繁殖和解毒的可能作用。
In plants, hydroxy-fatty acid production is mainly the result of enzymatic reactions catalyzed by cytochrome P450 dependent fatty acid hydroxylases. One can distinguish omega-hydroxylases that catalyze the hydroxylation of the terminal methyl of aliphatics acids (omega position) and sub-terminal or in-chain hydroxylases that oxidize carbons in the chain (omega-n position). Since both types of enzymes were discovered about three decades ago, the majority of investigations have focused on the CYP94 and CYP86 families, which mediate omega-hydroxylations. The activities of omega-hydroxylases in cutin synthesis have been clearly established, but the studies of LCR (LACERATA) and att1 (aberrant induction of type three genes), which are the first Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with alterations in coding sequences of CYP86A8 and CYP86A2, show that these types of omega-hydroxylases can be involved in many aspects of plant development. The existence of different omega-hydroxylases in plants with distinct regulation patterns suggests that these enzymes mediate diverse biological processes. Much less information concerning in-chain hydroxylases is available despite the fact that they were initially reported along with omega-hydroxylases. This lack of information might be explained by the very few examples of sub-terminal hydroxyfatty acids described in plants. We present here the best characterized fatty acid hydroxylases and we discuss their possible roles in plant defense and development, fatty acid catabolism, plant reproduction and detoxification.