Contextualizing Mass Atrocity Crimes: Moving Toward a Relational Approach
Contextualizing Mass Atrocity Crimes: Moving Toward a Relational Approach
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大规模暴行犯罪的背景：转向关系方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
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通讯作者：
S. Karstedt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Karstedt
当代的大规模暴行和种族灭绝有两个普遍的教训：第一，即使在这暴力的几十年里，种族灭绝也是罕见的事件，而大规模暴行则不是。其次，当代大规模暴力是在宏观和微观背景下演变的，这些背景塑造了冲突和暴力的特定轨迹。由于国际社会承担起在当代高风险环境中保护受害者和起诉犯罪人的责任，必须将极端暴力和灭绝种族行为置于背景之中，并了解大规模暴行事件的微观关系结构和动态。本文讨论了两个概念的转变暴行罪和极端暴力的社会，并确定了三个轨迹，超越了对大规模暴行的例外主义的观点。威慑的动态集中被认为是当代人道主义危机中保护和起诉的微观关系战略。
Contemporary mass atrocities and genocides hold two general lessons: First, even in the course of these violent decades, genocides are rare events, and mass atrocities are not. Second, contemporary mass violence evolves in macro- and microcontexts that shape particular trajectories of conflict and violence. As the international community assumes responsibility for protecting victims and prosecuting perpetrators in contemporary high-risk environments, it is important to contextualize extreme violence and genocide and to understand the microrelational structure and dynamics of mass atrocity events. This article discusses two conceptual turns—atrocity crimes and extremely violent societies—and identifies three trajectories that move beyond an exceptionalist perspective on mass atrocities. Dynamic concentration of deterrence is suggested as a microrelational strategy for both protection and prosecution in contemporary humanitarian crises.