Reproduction of Rhabdoviruses
Reproduction of Rhabdoviruses
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弹状病毒的繁殖
DOI：
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发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Wagner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Wagner
弹状病毒是一种普遍存在的高度感染动植物疾病的病原体，通常通过节肢动物传播。将病毒归入杆状病毒(杆状病毒)的分类群最初完全基于形态。事实证明，这种分类是幸运的，因为后来的生化研究显示，这些从极其不同的宿主分离出来的结构相似的病毒具有惊人的一致性。假设所有植物、节肢动物和脊椎动物的弹状病毒都是共同的祖先可能并不牵强。将病毒归类为弹状病毒应基于以下最重要的特征：
1.
弹状病毒是杆状颗粒，长度变化很大(60-400 nm)，但宽度相当一致(60-85 nm)。
2.
动物弹状病毒的外观往往是子弹形的，一端是扁平的，另一端是锥形的球体。植物弹状病毒通常是杆状的，相当细长，有两个圆形末端。
3.
所有的横纹状病毒似乎都被一个带有突出刺的膜状包膜所包围。所有这些病毒都可能含有脂类，因此很容易被乙醚和洗涤剂破坏。
The rhabdoviruses are ubiquitous, highly infectious agents of animal and plant disease and are generally transmitted by arthropods. Assignment of viruses to the taxon rhabdoviruses (rod-shaped viruses) was originally based entirely on morphology. This classification has turned out to be fortuitously fortunate because later biochemical studies have revealed remarkable uniformity among these structurally similar viruses isolated from extremely diverse hosts. It is perhaps not farfetched to postulate a common ancestor for all the rhabdoviruses of plants, arthropods, and vertebrates. Classification of a virus as a rhabdovirus should be based on the following most important characteristics:
1.
Rhabdoviruses are rod-shaped particles, varying considerably in length (60–400 nm) but of a reasonably consistent width (60–85 nm).
2.
Animal rhabdoviruses tend to be bullet-shaped in appearance, flat at one end and a tapered sphere at the other. Plant rhabdoviruses are usually bacilliform in shape, quite elongated and with two round ends.
3.
All rhabdoviruses appear to be surrounded by a membranous envelope with protruding spikes. All these viruses probably contain lipids and are, therefore, susceptible to disruption by ether and detergents.