PAK kinase regulates Rac GTPase and is a potential target in human schwannomas.

PAK kinase regulates Rac GTPase and is a potential target in human schwannomas.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.04.019
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发表时间:
2009-07
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Hanemann, Clemens O.
Hanemann, Clemens O.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Flaiz, Christine;Chernoff, Jonathan;Ammoun, Sylwia;Peterson, Jeffrey R.;Hanemann, Clemens O.

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Merlin缺失导致神经系统良性肿瘤,主要是神经鞘瘤和脑膜瘤。神经鞘瘤表现出增强的Rac 1和Cdc 42活性,p21激活的激酶2(PAK 2)激活,以及增加的皱褶和细胞粘附。PAK调节Merlin的激活。PAK已被认为是神经鞘瘤潜在的治疗靶点。然而,PAK在Rac途径中的位置还没有充分表征。我们使用一种新的小分子PAK抑制剂IPA-3,研究PAK激活对Rac 1/Cdc 42活性,细胞扩散和粘附在人原发性神经鞘瘤和雪旺细胞中的作用。我们发现IPA-3阻断了PAK 2在Ser 192/197的激活,这拮抗了PAKs与Pix的相互作用。因此,在IPA-3处理的神经鞘瘤细胞中,Pix-mediated Rac 1活化减少,表明PAK作用于Rac的上游。我们发现,这在神经鞘瘤细胞中的粘着斑水平的Rac激活是必不可少的细胞扩散和粘附在雪旺细胞和神经鞘瘤细胞。
Merlin loss causes benign tumours of the nervous system, mainly schwannomas and meningiomas. Schwannomas show enhanced Rac1 and Cdc42 activity, The p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) activation and increased ruffling and cell adhesion. PAK regulates activation of merlin. PAK has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target in schwannomas. However where PAK stands in the Rac pathway is insufficiently characterised. We used a novel small molecule PAK inhibitor, IPA-3, to investigate the role of PAK activation on Rac1/Cdc42 activity, cell spreading and adhesion in human primary schwannoma and Schwann cells. We show that IPA-3 blocks activation of PAK2 at Ser192/197 that antagonises PAKs interaction with Pix. Accordingly, Pix-mediated Rac1 activation is decreased in IPA-3 treated schwannoma cells, indicating that PAK acts upstream of Rac. We show that this Rac activation at the level of focal adhesions in schwannoma cells is essential for cell spreading and adhesion in Schwann and schwannoma cells.
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