Transcranial direct current stimulation over the supplementary motor area modulates the preparatory activation level in the human motor system
Transcranial direct current stimulation over the supplementary motor area modulates the preparatory activation level in the human motor system
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2014.11.009
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发表时间：
2015-02-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
MacKinnon, Colum D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlsen, Anthony N.;Eagles, Jeremy S.;MacKinnon, Colum D.
经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是一种非侵入性的刺激方法，可以诱导皮层兴奋性的短暂性极性特异性神经可塑性变化，持续时间长达1小时。虽然对初级运动皮层的刺激会引起兴奋性的变化已经有了很好的记录，但对运动前区刺激的功能影响却知之甚少。在本实验中，我们测试了在辅助运动区（SMA）区域应用阴极和阳极tDCS如何影响自愿运动的准备和开始。参与者执行了一个简单的反应时间（RT）任务，要求有针对性地伸展手腕以响应go信号。在20%的RT实验中，为了探测运动准备状态，在“开始”信号发出前500毫秒出现了惊人的声刺激（SAS）。在SMA上应用阴极、阳极或假tDCS（分开天）10分钟后，参与者以10分钟的间隔进行RT试验。虽然假刺激不影响RT或SAS的早期释放发生率，但阴极tDCS导致RT显著减慢，在刺激结束后10分钟达到峰值，并与SAS的运动释放发生率显着降低有关。相比之下，阳极tDCS导致更快的RTs，但释放的发生率不变。这些结果与SMA在运动的预先计划中发挥的作用是一致的，并且通过tDCS调节其活动可以导致运动行为的极性特异性变化。(C) 2014 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive stimulation method that can induce transient polarity-specific neuroplastic changes in cortical excitability lasting up to 1 h post-stimulation. While excitability changes with stimulation over the primary motor cortex have been well documented, the functional effects of stimulation over premotor regions are less well understood. In the present experiment, we tested how cathodal and anodal tDCS applied over the region of the supplementary motor area (SMA) affected preparation and initiation of a voluntary movement. Participants performed a simple reaction time (RT) task requiring a targeted wrist-extension in response to a go-signal. In 20% of RT trials a startling acoustic stimulus (SAS) was presented 500 ms prior to the "go" signal in order to probe the state of motor preparation. Following the application of cathodal, anodal, or sham tDCS (separate days) over SMA for 10 min, participants performed blocks of RT trials at 10 min intervals. While sham stimulation did not affect RT or incidence of early release by the SAS, cathodal tDCS led to a significant slowing of RT that peaked 10 min after the end of stimulation and was associated with a marked decrease in the incidence of movement release by the SAS. In contrast, anodal tDCS resulted in faster RTs, but the incidence of release was unchanged. These results are consistent with the SMA playing a role in the pre-planning of movements and that modulating its activity with tDCS can lead to polarity-specific changes in motor behavior. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.