Late Cenomanian–Early Turonian facies development and sea-level changes in the Bodenwöhrer Senke (Danubian Cretaceous Group, Bavaria, Germany)
Late Cenomanian–Early Turonian facies development and sea-level changes in the Bodenwöhrer Senke (Danubian Cretaceous Group, Bavaria, Germany)
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Bodenwöhrer Senke（德国巴伐利亚多瑙河白垩系群）晚塞诺曼阶-早期土伦阶相发育和海平面变化
DOI：
10.1007/s10347-012-0337-x
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Niebuhr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richardt;Wilmsen;Niebuhr
对Bodenwöhrer Senke近端的多瑙河白垩系群的上Cenomanian-下Turonian岩石地层单位（里根斯堡组、Eibrunn组和Winzerberg组，后者包括下Reinhausen段和上Knollensand段）进行了研究，重点是相分析和层序地层学。岩性，生物和微相的分析导致12个主要的海洋相类型的Eibrunn和Winzerberg地层的识别。岩相学和古生物学特性以及部分的逐渐过渡表明，它们的沉积环境是纹理分级的，主要是硅质岩，风暴为主的货架。FT 1-3泥硅质相类型沉积于风暴浪基面以下的外陆棚环境中。中陆架沉积物以细粒至中粒、生物扰动、部分灰岩砂岩（FT 4-6）为代表。内陆棚区发育粗粒、砾石和/或含贝壳砂岩（FT 7-10）。高度未成熟的长石砂岩粗粒砂岩和砾岩（FT 11和12）是下切的高梯度辫状河系统的特征。Winzerberg组的总体变粗和变厚的上升趋势反映了一个海退旋回，最终形成一个陆上不整合面，该不整合面与一个由海洋到河流形成的粗粒砾石单元相关，该单元被称为“Hornsand”，具有明显的穿时性。上覆的罗丁组的Altenkreith段标志着一个新的海侵旋回在中土伦早期的开始。层序地层学分析表明，Bodenwöhrer Senke的上Cenomanian和下Turonian地层的沉积发生在主要层序边界SB Ce 5（中-晚Cenomanian）和SB Tu 1（早-中Turonian边界间隔）之间的三级海平面变化的单个旋回中。Bodenwöhrer Senke的东南部在中晚期Cenomanian（Praeactinocamax plenustransgression）被淹没，第二次海侵事件发生在最早的Turonian。然而，在Bodenwöhrer Senke的中部和西北部，最初的海侵发生在最早的Turonian期间，与海侵前的地形有关。因此，里根斯堡和艾布伦地层在这里越来越密集，再也无法分开。在最早的土伦期最大洪水之后，下土伦期温策尔贝格组填满了可容纳空间，这解释了它在Bodenwöhrer Senke上的恒定厚度为35-40米，并排除了这段时间的构造活动。SB Tu 1的快速海平面下降终止了这一沉积序列。这项研究表明，在Bodenwöhrer Senke的Cenomanian-Early Turonian沉积是由海平面变化。
The Upper Cenomanian–Lower Turonian litho-stratigraphic units of the Danubian Cretaceous Group of the proximal Bodenwöhrer Senke (Regensburg, Eibrunn and Winzerberg formations, the latter consisting of a lower Reinhausen Member and an upper Knollensand Member), have been investigated with a focus on facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy. Analyses of litho-, bio-, and microfacies resulted in the recognition of 12 predominantly marine facies types for the Eibrunn and Winzerberg formations. Petrographic and paleontological properties as well as gradual transitions in the sections suggest that their depositional environment was a texturally graded, predominantly siliciclastic, storm-dominated shelf. The muddy–siliceous facies types FT 1–3 have been deposited below the storm wave-base in an outer shelf setting. Mid-shelf deposits are represented by fine- to medium-grained, bioturbated, partly glauconitic sandstones (FT 4–6). Coarse-grained, gravelly and/or shell-bearing sandstones (FT 7–10) developed in the inner shelf zone. Highly immature, arkosic coarse-grained sandstones and conglomerates (FT 11 and 12) characterize an incised, high-gradient braided river system. The Winzerberg Formation with its general coarsening- and thickening-upward trend reflects a regressive cycle culminating in a subaerial unconformity associated with a coarse-grained, gravelly unit of marine to fluvial origin known as the “Hornsand” which is demonstrably diachronous. The overlying Altenkreith Member of the Roding Formation signifies the onset of a new transgressive cycle in the early Middle Turonian. The sequence stratigraphic analysis suggests that the deposition of the Upper Cenomanian and Lower Turonian strata of the Bodenwöhrer Senke took place in a single cycle of third-order eustatic sea-level change between the major sequence boundaries SB Ce 5 (mid-Late Cenomanian) and SB Tu 1 (Early–Middle Turonian boundary interval). The southeastern part of the Bodenwöhrer Senke was flooded in the mid-Late Cenomanian (Praeactinocamax plenustransgression) and a second transgressive event occurred in the earliest Turonian. In the central and northwestern parts of the Bodenwöhrer Senke, however, the initial transgression occurred during the earliest Turonian, related to pre-transgression topography. Thus, the Regensburg and Eibrunn formations are increasingly condensed here and cannot be separated anymore. Following an earliest Turonian maximum flooding, the Lower Turonian Winzerberg Formation filled the available accommodation space, explaining its constant thickness of 35–40 m across the Bodenwöhrer Senke and excluding tectonic activity during this interval. Rapid sea-level fall at SB Tu 1 terminated this depositional sequence. This study shows that Late Cenomanian–Early Turonian deposition in the Bodenwöhrer Senke was governed by eustatic sea-level changes.
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