GLOBAL SELF-EVALUATION AS DETERMINED BY THE DESIRABILITY AND CONTROLLABILITY OF TRAIT ADJECTIVES
GLOBAL SELF-EVALUATION AS DETERMINED BY THE DESIRABILITY AND CONTROLLABILITY OF TRAIT ADJECTIVES
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.49.6.1621
复制
发表时间：
1985-12-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
ALICKE, MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ALICKE, MD
在这项调查中，通过让受试者对各种特质形容词对自己或普通大学生的描述程度进行评分，来检验对自我与他人关系的评价。两个独立的受试者样本首先对各种特征代表理想特征的程度进行了评级，以及一个人对这些特征进行控制的可能性程度。从这些初始评级中，选择了154个特征形容词，这些特征形容词的四个合意性水平与两个可控性水平交叉。然后，第三个样本的受试者对这些特征中的每一个特征在多大程度上表现出自我和普通大学生进行了评级。据预测，与大学生平均评分相关的自我评分将随着受欢迎特质的增加而变得越来越积极。研究还预测，在合意程度较高的条件下，自我评价相对于大学生平均得分而言，高可控特质的得分高于低可控特质的得分，而在愿望低的条件下，情况正好相反。这两个预测都得到了强有力的支持。结果从保持整体自我概念的适应性优势的角度进行了讨论，这意味着积极的特征是由个人控制的，而消极的特征是由个人控制之外的因素引起的。
In this investigation, evaluations of self in relation to others were examined by means of asking subjects to rate the degree to which various trait adjectives characterized themselves or the average college student. Two independent samples of subjects first rated the degree to which various traits represented desirable characteristics, and the degree to which it was possible for a person to exert control over each of these characteristics. From these initial ratings, 154 trait adjectives for which four levels of desirability were crossed with two levels of controllability were selected. A third sample of subjects then rated the degree to which each of these traits characterized the self and the average college student. It was predicted that self ratings in relation to average college student ratings would be increasingly positive as traits increased in desirability. It was also predicted that in conditions of high desirability, self ratings in relation to average college student ratings would be greater for high controllable traits than for low controllable traits, whereas in conditions of low desirability the opposite would occur. Both of these predictions were strongly supported. Results are discussed in terms of the adaptive advantages of maintaining a global self-concept that implies that positive characteristics are under personal control and that negative characteristics are caused by factors outside of personal control.