The body beyond the body: expectation of a sensory event is enough to induce ownership over a fake hand
The body beyond the body: expectation of a sensory event is enough to induce ownership over a fake hand
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2013.1140
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发表时间：
2013-08-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Costantini, Marcello
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferri, Francesca;Chiarelli, Antonio Maria;Costantini, Marcello
自14年前发现橡胶手错觉以来，已经发表了100多篇论文。这一错觉被提出作为一种证明，身体通过参与特定形式的跨通道知觉关联而有别于其他物体。在这里，我们从根本上挑战这一观点，声称知觉关联并不是产生这个身体作为我的经验所必需的。15名参与者每人都坐着，他/她的右臂放在另一张小桌子下面的一张桌子上。因此，真实的手被隐藏在参与者的视线之外，一个真人大小的右手橡胶模型被放置在参与者面前的小桌子上。参与者在靠近橡胶手时观察了实验者的手--没有触摸--橡胶手。通过皮肤电导反应和问卷调查来测量错觉的现象学。这两项测试都表明，参与者体验到的错觉是实验者的手即将触摸他们隐藏的手，而不是橡胶手，就好像后者取代了他们自己的手。当橡胶手在1808年被旋转或被一块木头取代时，这种情况就不会发生。这种错觉表明，我们的大脑并不是通过知觉关联以一种仅仅是反应性的方式来建立自我意识；相反，它会对什么可能属于自己，或者可能不属于自己产生预测。
More than 100 papers have been published on the rubber hand illusion since its discovery 14 years ago. The illusion has been proposed as a demonstration that the body is distinguished from other objects by its participation in specific forms of intermodal perceptual correlation. Here, we radically challenge this view by claiming that perceptual correlation is not necessary to produce the experience of this body as mine. Each of 15 participants was seated with his/her right arm resting upon a table just below another smaller table. Thus, the real hand was hidden from the participant's view and a life-sized rubber model of a right hand was placed on the small table in front of the participant. The participant observed the experimenter's hand while approaching-without touching-the rubber hand. Phenomenology of the illusion was measured by means of skin conductance response and questionnaire. Both measures indicated that participants experienced the illusion that the experimenter's hand was about to touch their hidden hand rather than the rubber hand, as if the latter replaced their own hand. This did not occur when the rubber hand was rotated by 1808 or replaced by a piece of wood. This illusion indicates that our brain does not build a sense of self in a merely reactive way, via perceptual correlations; rather it generates predictions on what may or may not belong to itself.