Floret development and spike fertility in wheat: Differences between cultivars of contrasting yield potential and their sensitivity to photoperiod and soil N
Floret development and spike fertility in wheat: Differences between cultivars of contrasting yield potential and their sensitivity to photoperiod and soil N
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107908
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Slafer, Gustavo A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferrante, Ariel;Savin, Roxana;Slafer, Gustavo A.
在以前的一篇论文(田间作物研究203,114-127)中，我们表明当代品种和传统品种之间产量潜力的差异是由于结果效率的差异，这可能是由于穗子育性(每穗可育小花)的差异，而在开花期具有相似的穗干重。在这项研究中，我们通过分析每穗上所有小花原基的启动(最多8个)、每小穗上启动的小花的最大数目、相关的小花发育速率及其在茎伸长阶段的对比光周期(自然和扩展)和氮素有效性(50或200 kg N ha(-1))下成为可育小花的命运，确定了这些穗育性基因差异的机制基础。在潜在的生长条件(自然光周期、高氮素利用率)下，当代品种的穗育性归因于小花发育速率的提高，这主要决定了小花原基存活率的提高，从而产生可育小花。两个品种的小花发育模式对较快发育的敏感性由于光周期的延长和在更大程度上氮素有效性的降低是相似的，这为不同环境下穗育性的一致差异提供了基础。这一反应再次决定了一个主要效应，即在这些条件下增加小花死亡率，从而降低每小穗可育小花的水平。
In a previous paper (Field Crops Res. 203, 114-127), we showed that the difference in yield potential between a contemporary and a traditional cultivar was due to differences in fruiting efficiency, likely derived from differences in spike fertility (fertile florets per spike) while having similar spike dry weights at anthesis. In this study, we determined the mechanistic bases of these genotypic differences in spike fertility analysing the initiation of all floret primordia per spike (up to 8), the maximum number of florets initiated per spikelet, and the associated floret developmental rates and their fate to become fertile florets under contrasting photoperiod (natural vs extended) and nitrogen availability (50 or 200 kg N ha(-1)) during the stem elongation phase. Under potential growing conditions (natural photoperiod, high nitrogen availability), the contemporary cultivar owed its higher spike fertility to the improved rate of floret development, which mainly determined an improved level of floret primordia survival to produce fertile florets. The sensitivity of the floret developmental patterns to faster development due to exposure to an extended photoperiod and, to a larger extent, a reduction in N availability was similar for both cultivars, providing a basis for the consistent differences in spike fertility across a range of environments. The response again determined a main effect through increasing floret mortality reducing therefore the level of fertile florets per spikelet in these conditions.