Bridging multiple dimensions: roles of transposable elements in higher-order genome regulation
Bridging multiple dimensions: roles of transposable elements in higher-order genome regulation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gde.2023.102035
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发表时间：
2023-04-05
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Parrish，Nicholas F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sharif，Jafar;Koseki，Haruhiko;Parrish，Nicholas F.
转位因子参与胚胎和胎盘的发育。转座因子如外显子可能介导跨代遗传。SINE反转录转座子可能通过募集CTCF调控三维基因组组织。sin或LINE的丰度预测A或B区室。转座因子（te），如内源性逆转录病毒（erv）、长穿插核因子（LINEs）和短穿插核因子（sin）占据了典型哺乳动物基因组的近一半。已有研究表明，这些寄生因子，特别是细胞系和erv，在促进宿主生殖细胞和胎盘发育、着床前胚胎发生和维持多能干细胞方面具有重要作用。尽管是基因组中数量最多的te类型，但与erv和LINEs相比，SINEs对宿主基因组调控的影响却没有得到很好的表征。有趣的是，最近的研究结果表明，SINEs募集关键的建筑蛋白CTCF （ccctc结合因子），表明这些元件在3D基因组调控中的作用。高阶核结构与重要的细胞功能有关，如基因调控和DNA复制。因此，sin和其他te可能通过调节三维基因组介导不同的生理过程，从而对宿主有利。
HighlightsTransposable elements are involved in embryonic and placental development.Transposable elements as epialleles may mediate transgenerational inheritance.SINE retrotransposons may regulate 3D genome organization by recruiting CTCF.Abundance of SINE or LINE predicts A or B compartments.Transposable elements (TEs) such as endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs), and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) occupy nearly half of typical mammalian genomes. Previous studies show that these parasitic elements, especially LINEs and ERVs, provide important activities promoting host germ cell and placental development, preimplantation embryogenesis, and maintenance of pluripotent stem cells. Despite being the most numerically abundant type of TEs in the genome, the consequences of SINEs on host genome regulation are less well characterized than those of ERVs and LINEs. Interestingly, recent findings reveal that SINEs recruit the key architectural protein CTCF (CCCTC-binding factor), indicating a role of these elements for 3D genome regulation. Higher-order nuclear structures are linked with important cellular functions such as gene regulation and DNA replication. SINEs and other TEs, therefore, may mediate distinct physiological processes with benefits to the host by modulating the 3D genome.