Spit and venom from scytodes spiders: a diverse and distinct cocktail.
Spit and venom from scytodes spiders: a diverse and distinct cocktail.
复制标题
scytodes 蜘蛛的唾液和毒液：一种多样化且独特的鸡尾酒。
DOI：
10.1021/pr400875s
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Binford,GretaJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zobel-Thropp,PamelaA;Correa,SandraM;Garb,JessicaE;Binford,GretaJ
蜘蛛科的蜘蛛有一种独特的捕捉猎物的技术：它们吐出锯齿状的丝绸胶水，把猎物拴在表面。这种粘性混合物的有效性是基于收缩和粘附的结合，诱捕猎物，直到蜘蛛通过毒液使其固定，然后进食。我们确定的组成部分，表达在Scytodes thoracica毒腺使用相结合的转录组和蛋白质组学分析。这些包括有毒蛋白astacin金属蛋白酶和潜在毒性蛋白质的同源物，包括毒液过敏原，longistatin和免疫控制肿瘤蛋白（TCTP）。我们将19个不同的候选肽毒素组进行分类，其中13个在毒液中检测到，占蛋白质组的35%。六个有显着的相似性，毒素从蜘蛛物种跨越mygalomorph和nonhaplogyne araneomorph谱系，这表明他们的表达毒液是遗传学广泛。12个肽毒素组在其他单雌类的毒腺转录组中有同源物。在转录本中，大约50%编码富含甘氨酸的肽，这可能有助于Scytodes spit中的粘性纤维。已鉴定的毒液蛋白质组中有51%是与果蝇和狐蝠同源的蛋白质家族，但功能不明。这些成分的表征有望发现新的功能活性。
Spiders from the family Scytodidae have a unique prey capturing technique: they spit a zig-zagged silken glue to tether prey to a surface. Effectiveness of this sticky mixture is based on a combination of contraction and adhesion, trapping prey until the spider immobilizes it by envenomation and then feeds. We identify components expressed in Scytodes thoracica venom glands using combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. These include homologues of toxic proteins astacin metalloproteases and potentially toxic proteins including venom allergen, longistatin, and translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP). We classify 19 distinct groups of candidate peptide toxins; 13 of these were detected in the venom, making up 35% of the proteome. Six have significant similarity to toxins from spider species spanning mygalomorph and nonhaplogyne araneomorph lineages, suggesting their expression in venom is phylogenetically widespread. Twelve peptide toxin groups have homologues in venom gland transcriptomes of other haplogynes. Of the transcripts, approximately 50% encode glycine-rich peptides that may contribute to sticky fibers in Scytodes spit. Fifty-one percent of the identified venom proteome is a family of proteins that is homologous to sequences from Drosophila sp. and Latrodectus hesperus with uncharacterized function. Characterization of these components holds promise for discovering new functional activity.