Studies on platelets
Studies on platelets
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血小板研究
DOI：
10.5555/uri:pii:0022214353902182
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发表时间：
1953
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Mednicoff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Stefanini;G. I. Plitman;W. Dameshek;J. B. Chatterjea;I. Mednicoff
摘要1.1.本文尝试通过注射抗原修饰的血小板来诱导家兔产生血小板抗体。尝试通过以下方法修饰血小板：（a）洗涤和静置;（B）与药物（氨基比林、奎宁、奎尼丁）孵育;（c）用细菌培养物（溶血性链球菌、白色葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌）处理;（d）用纽卡斯尔病病毒处理。将处理的血小板注射到3组家兔中;一组接受人血小板（异源免疫），一组接受正常家兔血小板（同种免疫），第三组接受自身血小板（自身免疫）。血小板凝集素的开发和特异性通过标准的免疫学方法在体内和体外进行了评估。2.2.高滴度异种免疫凝集素不断发展，对人类血小板。然而，没有证据表明修饰血小板与未修饰血小板具有特异性抗原性。在一只动物中，随着异源抗体的产生，天然存在的同种抗体的滴度降低。3.3.在存在或不存在修饰剂的情况下，在接受其自身修饰的血小板的兔的血清中经常检测到自身抗体和同种抗体。然而，接受同种免疫的动物未能在体外产生特异性抗体。在自身和同种免疫家兔血清中观察到蛋白质和糖蛋白电泳图谱的变化，这些变化与其他实验免疫情况下获得的相似。当将特异性修饰剂注射到自体或异源免疫的兔中时，在许多情况下出现显著的血小板减少症。免疫状态是短暂的（不到3个月）。我们的实验结果表明，在注射修饰的自体或异体血小板的过程中，异亚胺化和自体免疫同时发生。4.4.在任何给定组的所有动物中，实验结果均不恒定且可重现。这与人类的观察结果非常一致，在许多人中，只有少数人在暴露于药物，细菌和病毒后发生血小板减少症。5.5.在这些研究的过程中获得的一些结果可以应用于解释的发病机制，一些男性的血小板减少状态。
Abstract 1.1. A attempt was made to induce platelet antibody production in rabbits by injection of antigenically modified platelets. Modification of platelets was attempted by: (a) washing and standing; (b) incubation with drugs (aminopyrine, quinine, quinidine); (c) treatment with bacterial filtrates (Streptococcus hemolyticus and Staphylococcus albus and aureus); (d) treatment with Newcastle disease virus. Treated platelets were injected into 3 groups of rabbits; one received human platelets (heterologous immunization), one received platelets from normal rabbits (isoimmunization), and the third group received their own platelets (autoimmunization). Development and specificity of platelet agglutinins were evaluated by standard immunologic methods in vivo and in vitro. 2.2. High titer heteroimmune agglutinins developed constantly against human platelets. There was not, however, evidence for a specific antigenicity of modified versus nonmodified platelets. In one animal a naturally occurring isoantibody decreased in titer as the heteroantibody developed. 3.3. Autoantibodies and isoantibodies were often detected in the serum of rabbits receiving their own modified platelets in the presence or in the absence of the modifying agent. Animals receiving isoimmunization failed, however, to develop specific antibodies in vitro. Changes in protein and glycoprotein electrophoretic pattern were noted in the serum of auto- and isoimmunized rabbits, which were similar to those obtained in other instances of experimental immunization. When the specific modifying agent was injected into auto- or isoimmnnized rabbits, significant thrombocytopenia followed in many instances. The state of immunization was short-lived (less than 3 months). Results of our experiments indicated the simultaneous development of isoimiminization and autoimmunization in the course of the injection of modified auto- or isoplatelets. 4.4. Experimental results were not constant and reproducible in all animals of any given group. This is quite in agreement with the observations in humans, where only a few individuals, among many, develop thrombocytopenia after exposure to drugs, bacteria, and viruses. 5.5. Some of the findings obtained in the course of these studies could be applied to the interpretation of the pathogenesis of some thrombocytopenic states in man.