Assessment, prevention and mitigation of landslide hazard in the Lesser Himalaya of Himachal Pradesh
Assessment, prevention and mitigation of landslide hazard in the Lesser Himalaya of Himachal Pradesh
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DOI：
10.1515/environ-2015-0062
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
P. Patra;R. Devi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Patra;R. Devi
摘要 山体滑坡是一种破坏性的地质过程，在全球范围内造成了价值数十亿美元的死亡和财产损失。印度山体滑坡现象广泛且频繁，覆盖总面积的 15% 以上。这些主要集中在喜马拉雅山带、梅加拉亚高原的部分地区、尼尔吉里山、西高止山脉和东高止山脉。丘陵地形的边坡失稳是由于地质过程和事件造成的。由于道路建设、森林砍伐和城市扩张等人类活动，边坡失稳的频率和程度也有所增加。考虑到所有这些问题，研究重点是喜马偕尔喜马拉雅山的小喜马拉雅山，因为它属于山体滑坡的高风险区，并包含三个目标。它们是：a）分析小喜马拉雅山滑坡的空间格局，b）评估研究区域滑坡脆弱性的原因，c）提出一些减轻滑坡的预防措施。在这项工作中，我们尝试从印度地质调查局、城市事务部建筑材料和技术促进委员会等二手来源收集有关山体滑坡发生和损害的数据。数据分析采用的方法是简单的表格、条形图、统计和绘图技术来表示小喜马拉雅山的滑坡脆弱性。研究分析表明，山体滑坡数量有所增加。滑坡的空间格局呈现线性格局，即。沿着道路、河流或轮廓/断层。此外，强降雨、洪水和地震加剧了脆弱性。山体滑坡可能是喜马拉雅山景观的重要组成部分，但可以通过一些适当的措施来缓解。研究地区的滑坡防治方法很少被提出。
Abstract Landslides are destructive geological processes that have globally caused deaths and destruction to property worth billion dollars. Landslide occurrences are widespread and prolific in India covering more than 15 per cent of the total area. These are mostly concentrated in the Himalayan belt, parts of Meghalaya Plateau, Nilgiri Hills, Western and Eastern Ghats. The slope failure in the hilly terrain is due to geological processes and events. The frequency and magnitude of slope failure also increased due to anthropogenic activities such as road construction, deforestation and urban expansion. Keeping all these problems in mind research focuses on the Lesser Himalaya of Himachal Himalaya as it falls under very high risk zone in case of landslides and comprise of three objectives. They are: a) to analyse the spatial pattern of landslides in the Lesser Himalaya, b) to assess the causes of landslides vulnerability in the study region and c) to suggests some preventive measures to mitigate landslides. In this work an attempt has been made to collect data on landslides incidences and damage from the secondary sources like Geological Survey of India, Building Material and Technology Promotion council from Ministry of Urban Affairs. The methodologies adopted for data analysis are simple tabulations, bar diagrams, statistical and mapping techniques to represent the Landslide vulnerability of the Lesser Himalaya. The analysis of the study reveals that there is increase in the number of landslides. The spatial pattern of landslide shows linear patterns, viz. along roads, rivers or lineaments/ faults. Besides, heavy rainfall, floods and earthquakes enhance the vulnerability condition. The landslides may be part and parcel of the Himalayan landscape, but they can be mitigated by some suitable measures. Few methods of landslide prevention in the study region have been suggested.