The dynamics of food fraud: The interactions between criminal opportunity and market (dys)functionality in legitimate business
The dynamics of food fraud: The interactions between criminal opportunity and market (dys)functionality in legitimate business
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DOI：
10.1177/1748895816684539
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Spencer, Jon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lord, Nicholas;Elizondo, Cecilia Juliana Flores;Spencer, Jon
本文通过将分析焦点从强调有组织犯罪的中心地位的流行/政策概念转向理解影响食品欺诈组织的因素，对食品欺诈进行了概念化。我们认为，食品欺诈与其说是“外部组织（跨国）犯罪企业实施的外生现象”，不如将其理解为食品系统内的“内生”现象，其中合法的职业行为者和组织以某种方式必然参与其中。作为合法行为者日常行为的一部分，犯罪机会在有利的条件下出现。我们的观点是，食品欺诈的通用定义过于规范，无法留出空间来理解不同行为者的角色及其动机。我们分析了软饮料的案例研究，展示了合法组织环境和市场内部/之间合法职业行为者的必要作用，并展示了如何在现成的市场和商业结构中隐藏和伪装犯罪行为。
This article conceptualizes food fraud' by shifting analytical focus away from popular/policy conceptions foregrounding the centrality of organized crime towards understanding the factors that shape the organization of food frauds. We argue that food fraud, rather than being an exogenous' phenomenon perpetrated by externally organized (transnational) criminal enterprise', is better understood as an endogenous' phenomenon within the food system where legitimate occupational actors and organizations are in some way necessarily involved. Criminal opportunities arise under conducive conditions as part of legitimate actors' routine behaviours. Our contention is that the common definition of food fraud is too prescriptive and fails to allow space to understand the role of different actors and their motivations. We analyse a case study in soft drinks, presenting the necessary role of legitimate, occupational actors within/between legitimate organizational settings and markets, and demonstrate how criminal behaviours can be concealed and disguised within ready-made' market and business structures.