Advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of cytoplasmic male sterility and restoration in rice
Advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of cytoplasmic male sterility and restoration in rice
复制标题
水稻细胞质雄性不育与恢复分子机制研究进展
DOI：
10.1007/s00497-017-0308-z
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Letian Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huiwu Tang;Yongyao Xie;Yao-Guang Liu;Letian Chen
植物细胞质雄性不育(CMS)是由线粒体基因决定的母系遗传的雄性生殖缺陷。CMS可被育性核恢复基因(RF)抑制。因此，CMS/Rf系统为研究植物线粒体-核相互作用提供了一个经典的模型。此外，CMS/Rf系统是生产杂交种子的经济、有效的工具。例如，CMS/Rf系统已在40多个国家应用于杂交水稻的育种。由于杂交优势，产量有所提高。杂交稻的制种主要依靠野败型CMS(Wa)、红莲型CMS(HL)和BoroⅡ型CMS(CMS-Bt)三种不育系。了解这些CMS/Rf系统的分子机制将有助于我们了解线粒体-核的相互作用，并加速利用杂种优势来提高产量。在过去的几十年里，得益于获得高质量的水稻线粒体和核基因组序列的研究，人们已经分离了许多CMS基因，鉴定了同源的核Rf基因，并研究了水稻CMS和恢复的分子机制。本文重点介绍了水稻三大CMS/Rf系统的研究进展，并讨论了CMS/Rf系统未来基础研究和应用面临的关键问题。
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in plants is a male reproductive defect determined by mitochondrial genes and inherited maternally. CMS can be suppressed by nuclearrestorer of fertility(Rf) genes. Therefore, CMS/Rfsystems provide a classic model for the study of mitochondrial–nuclear interactions in plants. Moreover, CMS/Rfsystems are economical, effective tools for the production of hybrid seeds. For example, CMS/Rfsystems have been applied in over forty countries to breed hybrid rice (Oryza sativaL.) with improved yields due to hybrid vigor. The production of hybrid rice mainly depends on three types of CMS systems, namely Wild-Abortive type CMS (CMS-WA), Hong-Lian type CMS (CMS-HL) and Boro II type CMS (CMS-BT). Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these CMS/Rfsystems will help us to understand mitochondrial–nuclear interactions, and accelerate the utilization of heterosis for improvement in yield. In the past decades, research benefitting from the availability of the high-quality, annotated mitochondrial and nuclear genome sequences of rice has isolated many CMS genes, identified the cognate nuclearRfgenes and studied the molecular mechanisms underlying CMS and restoration in rice. Here, we focus on recent advances in studies of the three major CMS/Rfsystems in rice and discuss the key issues facing basic research and application of CMS/Rfsystems in the future.