Spatial structure of cone inputs to color cells in alert macaque primary visual cortex (V-1)
Spatial structure of cone inputs to color cells in alert macaque primary visual cortex (V-1)
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.21-08-02768.2001
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发表时间：
2001-04-15
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Conway, BR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conway, BR
颜色细胞感受野的空间结构是有争议的。在这里，选择性地调节一类视锥细胞（L、M或S，或松散的红色、绿色或蓝色）的光点在V-I色细胞的感受野内和周围闪烁，以映射视锥输入的空间结构。使用这些锥体隔离刺激和眼位校正反向相关技术产生的地图产生了四个结果。首先，感受野是双对立的，这是一种对颜色恒定性和颜色对比度至关重要的空间和颜色一致性的组织。最佳地刺激具有相邻红色和绿色斑点的中心和周围子区域比刺激单个子区域更能激发细胞。第二，红绿细胞以亮度不变的方式响应。例如，增加L-视锥细胞活性的刺激（呈现明亮的红色）和减少M-视锥细胞活性的刺激（呈现暗红色）同样兴奋红中心细胞。这意味着L和M之间的双折射是平衡的，并认为这些细胞编码单一的色轴。第三，大多数颜色细胞对所有方向的刺激都有反应，并且具有圆形对称的感受野。然而，有些细胞表现出粗糙的取向偏好。这反映在感受野中，作为定向的双对手子区域。第四，红绿细胞经常对S锥刺激作出反应。对M锥和S锥刺激的反应通常一致，表明这些细胞可能是红青色的。总之，红-绿（或红-青）细胞，沿着蓝-黄和黑-白细胞，建立了三个色轴，足以描述所有的颜色空间。
The spatial structure of color cell receptive fields is controversial. Here, spots of light that selectively modulate one class of cones (L, M, or S, or loosely red, green, or blue) were flashed in and around the receptive fields of V-I color cells to map the spatial structure of the cone inputs. The maps generated using these cone-isolating stimuli and an eye-position-corrected reverse correlation technique produced four findings. First, the receptive fields were Double-Opponent, an organization of spatial and chromatic opponency critical for color constancy and color contrast. Optimally stimulating both center and surround subregions with adjacent red and green spots excited the cells more than stimulating a single subregion. Second, red-green cells responded in a luminance-invariant way. For example, red-an-center cells were excited equally by a stimulus that increased L-cone activity (appearing bright red) and by a stimulus that decreased M-cone activity (appearing dark red). This implies that the opponency between L and M is balanced and argues that these cells are encoding a single chromatic axis. Third, most color cells responded to stimuli of all orientations and had circularly symmetric receptive fields. Some cells, however, showed a coarse orientation preference. This was reflected in the receptive fields as oriented Double-Opponent subregions. Fourth, red-green cells often responded to S-cone stimuli. Responses to M- and S-cone stimuli usually aligned, suggesting that these cells might be red-cyan. In summary, red-green (or red-cyan) cells, along with blue-yellow and black-white cells, establish three chromatic axes that are sufficient to describe all of color space.