Risk to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in food.
Risk to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in food.
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DOI：
10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6223
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发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Schwerdtle T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (EFSA CONTAM Panel);Schrenk D;Bignami M;Bodin L;Chipman JK;Del Mazo J;Grasl-Kraupp B;Hogstrand C;Hoogenboom LR;Leblanc JC;Nebbia CS;Nielsen E;Ntzani E;Petersen A;Sand S;Vleminckx C;Wallace H;Barregård L;Ceccatelli S;Cravedi JP;Halldorsson TI;Haug LS;Johansson N;Knutsen HK;Rose M;Roudot AC;Van Loveren H;Vollmer G;Mackay K;Riolo F;Schwerdtle T
欧盟委员会要求EFSA对食品中存在的全氟烷基物质(PFAS)对人类健康的风险进行科学评估。根据在动物中的几种类似影响、毒代动力学和在人体血液中的观察浓度，CONTAM小组决定对四种全氟辛烷磺酸的总和进行评估：全氟辛烷酸、全氟辛烷酸、全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸。这构成了对那些有可用发生数据的全氟辛烷磺酸的下限暴露的一半，其余的贡献主要来自半衰期较短的全氟辛烷磺酸。评估中包括的四个全氟辛烷磺酸假定具有相同的效力。青少年和成年年龄组的平均LB暴露量范围为3至22岁，第95个百分位数为每周9至70 ng/kg体重(BW)。蹒跚学步的儿童和“其他儿童”暴露在空气中的几率要高出两倍。暴露上限是LB值的4到49倍，但后者被认为更可靠。“鱼肉”、“水果和水果产品”以及“蛋类和蛋类产品”的风险最大。根据对动物和人类的现有研究，对免疫系统的影响被认为是风险评估中最关键的。从一项人体研究中，1岁儿童的血清中四种PFASs总和的最低BMDL10为17.5 ng/mL。使用PBPK模型，估计儿童17.5 ng/ml的血清水平相当于母亲每天0.63 ng/kg体重的长期暴露。由于随时间积累很重要，因此建立了每周4.4纳克/公斤体重的可容忍摄入量(TWI)。这种TWI还可以预防在人类身上观察到的其他潜在的不良影响。根据估计的LB暴露，但也报告的血清水平，CONTAM小组得出结论，部分欧洲人口超过了这一TWI，这是令人担忧的。本出版物链接到以下欧洲金融服务管理局的支持出版物文章：http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/sp.efsa.2020.EN-1931/full
The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific evaluation on the risks to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in food. Based on several similar effects in animals, toxicokinetics and observed concentrations in human blood, the CONTAM Panel decided to perform the assessment for the sum of four PFASs: PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS and PFOS. These made up half of the lower bound (LB) exposure to those PFASs with available occurrence data, the remaining contribution being primarily from PFASs with short half‐lives. Equal potencies were assumed for the four PFASs included in the assessment. The mean LB exposure in adolescents and adult age groups ranged from 3 to 22, the 95th percentile from 9 to 70 ng/kg body weight (bw) per week. Toddlers and ‘other children’ showed a twofold higher exposure. Upper bound exposure was 4‐ to 49‐fold higher than LB levels, but the latter were considered more reliable. ‘Fish meat’, ‘Fruit and fruit products’ and ‘Eggs and egg products’ contributed most to the exposure. Based on available studies in animals and humans, effects on the immune system were considered the most critical for the risk assessment. From a human study, a lowest BMDL 10 of 17.5 ng/mL for the sum of the four PFASs in serum was identified for 1‐year‐old children. Using PBPK modelling, this serum level of 17.5 ng/mL in children was estimated to correspond to long‐term maternal exposure of 0.63 ng/kg bw per day. Since accumulation over time is important, a tolerable weekly intake (TWI) of 4.4 ng/kg bw per week was established. This TWI also protects against other potential adverse effects observed in humans. Based on the estimated LB exposure, but also reported serum levels, the CONTAM Panel concluded that parts of the European population exceed this TWI, which is of concern. This publication is linked to the following EFSA Supporting Publications article: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/sp.efsa.2020.EN-1931/full