Introduced plants of the invasive Solidago gigantea (Asteraceae) are larger and grow denser than conspecifics in the native range
Introduced plants of the invasive Solidago gigantea (Asteraceae) are larger and grow denser than conspecifics in the native range
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1472-4642.2004.00052.x
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Edwards, PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jakobs, G;Weber, E;Edwards, PJ
成为成功入侵者的引入植物物种通常比本地范围内的同种植物显得更有活力、更高。推测解释引入范围内这种更好性能的原因包括更有利的环境条件以及天敌和病原体的释放。根据竞争能力增强假说（EICA 假说），在防御草食动物和病原体的投资与增强竞争能力的投资之间存在权衡。在这项研究中，我们进行了实地调查，以调查入侵性多年生一枝黄花（菊科）种群在本地和引进范围内的生长和大小是否有所不同。我们评估了北美本土范围内的 46 个种群和欧洲引进范围内的 45 个种群的大小和形态变化。尽管各大洲内的人口之间存在相当大的差异，但各大洲之间也存在明显的差异。欧洲种群的平均种群规模、密度和植物总生物量均大于美洲种群。气候差异和纬度仅解释了两大洲之间总差异的一小部分。结果表明，引入的植物在生长形式和大小方面与本地范围内的同种植物非常不同。正如 EICA 假说所暗示的那样，这种入侵物种在欧洲的表现明显更好，可能是选择压力变化的结果。
Introduced plant species that became successful invaders appear often more vigorous and taller than their conspecifics in the native range. Reasons postulated to explain this better performance in the introduced range include more favourable environmental conditions and release from natural enemies and pathogens. According to the Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability hypothesis (EICA hypothesis) there is a trade-off between investment into defence against herbivores and pathogens, and investment into a stronger competitive ability. In this study, we conducted field surveys to investigate whether populations of the invasive perennial Solidago gigantea Ait (Asteraceae) differ with respect to growth and size in the native and introduced range, respectively. We assessed size and morphological variation of 46 populations in the native North American range and 45 populations in the introduced European range. Despite considerable variation between populations within continents, there were pronounced differences between continents. The average population size, density and total plant biomass were larger in European than in American populations. Climatic differences and latitude explained only a small proportion of the total variation between the two continents. The results show that introduced plants can be very distinct in their growth form and size from conspecifics in the native range. The apparently better performance of this invasive species in Europe may be the result of changed selection pressures, as implied by the EICA hypothesis.