Cannabis use and psychosocial adjustment in adolescence and young adulthood
Cannabis use and psychosocial adjustment in adolescence and young adulthood
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00103.x
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Swain-Campbell, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fergusson, DM;Horwood, LJ;Swain-Campbell, N
目的研究大麻使用频率与青少年/青年期心理社会结果之间的关联。发展和调整设计一项对1.265名新西兰儿童的出生队列的健康发展和调整的21年纵向研究。测量获得14-21岁期间大麻使用频率的年度评估，以及包括财产/暴力犯罪，抑郁自杀意念，自杀未遂和其他非法药物的使用。结果-大麻的使用频率与所有的结果，特别是其他非法药物的使用显着相关。固定和时间动态因素的混杂统计控制大大降低了大麻使用和结果措施之间的关联强度。然而，在调整混杂因素后，大麻使用与所有结果，特别是其他非法药物使用仍显着相关（P < 0.05）。对于犯罪、自杀行为和其他非法药物使用的衡量标准，有证据表明，与大麻使用的关联强度存在与年龄相关的差异，年轻（14-15岁）的使用者比年长（20-21岁）的经常使用者更容易受到经常使用大麻的影响。然而，大麻的使用和抑郁症之间的关联并没有随着年龄的增长而变化。结论大麻的使用，特别是经常或大量使用，与一系列的调整问题，在青少年/年轻的成年人，其他非法药物的使用，犯罪，抑郁症和自杀行为，这些不良影响是最明显的学龄定期用户的增加率。这些发现加强了公众对尽量减少学龄人口使用大麻的关注。
Aim To examine the associations between frequency of cannabis use and psychosocial outcomes in adolescence/young adulthood. development and adjustDesign A 21-year longitudinal study of the health development and adjustment of a birth cohort of 1.265 New Zealand children.Measurements Annual assessments of the frequency of cannabis use were obtained for the period from age 14-21 years, together with measures of psychosocial outcomes including property/violent crime, depression suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and other illicit drug use.Findings The frequency of cannabis use was associated significantly with all outcomes, and particularly other illicit drug use. Statistical control for confounding by both fixed and time-dynamic factors substantially reduced the strength of association between cannabis use and outcome measures. Nevertheless, cannabis use remained significantly (P < 0.05) associated with all outcomes and particularly other illicit drug use, after adjustment for confounding. For the measures of crime, suicidal behaviours and other illicit drug use there was evidence of age related variation in the strength of association with cannabis use, with younger (14-15 years old) users being more affected by regular cannabis use than older (20-21 years old) regular users. However, the association between cannabis use and depression did not vary with age.Conclusions Cannabis use, and particularly regular or heavy use, was associated with increased rates of a range of adjustment problems in adolescence/young adulthood-other illicit drug use, crime, depression and suicidal behaviours-with these adverse effects being most evident for school-aged regular users. The findings reinforce public health concerns about minimizing the use of cannabis among school-aged populations.