Can society be commodities all the way down? Post-Polanyian reflections on capitalist crisis
Can society be commodities all the way down? Post-Polanyian reflections on capitalist crisis
复制标题
社会能一直沦为商品吗？
DOI：
10.1080/03085147.2014.898822
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Nancy Fraser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nancy Fraser
摘要 卡尔·波兰尼 (Karl Polanyi) 在 1944 年出版的经典著作《伟大的转型》中，将资本主义危机的根源追溯到在土地、劳动力和货币方面创建“自我调节市场”的努力。其结果是将社会生活的这三个基本基础变成了“虚拟商品”。波兰尼声称，不可避免的结果是破坏自然、破坏社区和破坏生计。这一诊断在二十一世纪引起了强烈反响：见证了碳排放和生物技术市场的蓬勃发展；儿童保育、学校教育和老人护理；以及金融衍生品。在这种情况下，波兰尼的虚拟商品化思想为综合结构分析提供了有希望的基础，该分析将当前危机的三个维度：生态、社会和金融联系起来。本文探讨了波兰尼思想的优点和缺点。
Abstract In his classic 1944 book, The great transformation, Karl Polanyi traced the roots of capitalist crisis to efforts to create ‘self-regulating markets’ in land, labour and money. The effect was to turn those three fundamental bases of social life into ‘fictitious commodities’. The inevitable result, Polanyi claimed, was to despoil nature, rupture communities and destroy livelihoods. This diagnosis has strong echoes in the twenty-first century: witness the burgeoning markets in carbon emissions and biotechnology; in child-care, schooling and the care of the old; and in financial derivatives. In this situation, Polanyi's idea of fictitious commodification affords a promising basis for an integrated structural analysis that connects three dimensions of the present crisis: the ecological, the social and the financial. This paper explores the strengths and weaknesses of Polanyi's idea.