Oligopolistic eco-industries with free entry and trade liberalization of environmental goods
Oligopolistic eco-industries with free entry and trade liberalization of environmental goods
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DOI：
10.5652/internationaleconomy.ie2019.02.ys
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yasuyuki Sugiyama;Yungho Weng;Kenzo Abe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yasuyuki Sugiyama;Yungho Weng;Kenzo Abe
本文以两个存在环境产品贸易的国家为例，研究了排放税、进口环境产品关税和购买环境产品补贴的影响。在我们的模型中，环境污染产品仅在出口国生产，生产环境污染产品的生态产业中的企业进行自由准入的古诺竞争，而环境污染产品进口国的最终产品部门则是完全竞争的。然后，假设污染部门的管道污染减排结束，我们可以得到以下结果：(1)电子产品的贸易自由化，即电子产品关税的降低和购买电子产品的补贴增加了电子产品的总产量，从而减少了排放量。(2)补贴对电子产品价格的影响取决于电子产品需求曲线的形状，而贸易自由化降低了电子产品的价格。（三）当补贴水平高于关税水平时，最优排放税水平将低于庇古税水平。（四）在最优排放税水平下的最优关税评价为负，即当电动汽车需求曲线为线性或弱凸时，进口补贴是最优的。(V)在相同需求条件下，即使进口国实施最优排放税，最优购买补贴也是正的。
In this paper, we assume two countries with trade of environmental goods (EGs), and then investigate the impacts of the emission tax, the tariff on imported EGs, and the subsidy for purchasing EGs. In our model, EGs are produced only in the exporting country, and the firms in the eco - industry which produces EGs engage in Cournot competition with free entry, while a polluting final goods sector in EGs’ importing country is perfectly competitive. Then, assuming the end of pipe pollution abatement in the polluting sector, we can obtain the following results: (I) Trade liberalization of EGs, that is, a decrease in the tariff on EGs and the subsidy for purchasing EGs increase the total output of EGs, and thus decrease the amount of emissions. (II) The impact of the subsidy on the price of EGs depends on the shape of the demand curve for EGs, while trade liberalization decreases the price. (III) The optimal emission tax level will be lower than the Pigouvian one if the level of the subsidy is higher than that of the tariff. (IV) The optimal tariff evaluating at the optimal emission tax level is negative, that is, the import subsidy can be optimal when the demand curve for EGs is linear or weak convex. (V) Under the same demand condition, the optimal purchasing subsidy is positive even when EGs’ importing country implements the optimal emission tax.