Changes in ion transport in inflammatory disease.
Changes in ion transport in inflammatory disease.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/1476-9255-3-5
复制
发表时间：
2006-03-29
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Eisenhut, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisenhut, Michael
离子运输对于维持跨膜和跨细胞电位、液体运输和细胞体积至关重要。离子运输的干扰与细胞功能障碍、细胞内和细胞外水肿以及上皮表面液体体积异常有关。越来越多的证据表明，以强烈的局部或全身炎症反应为特征的病症与异常的离子转运有关。这种异常的离子转运参与了以下疾病的发病机制：体液丢失引起的低血容量、腹泻疾病中的低钠血症和低钾血症、婴儿早期肾盂肾炎中的电解质异常、败血症引起的肺水肿以及上呼吸道粘膜炎症反应引起的分泌过多和水肿。膜离子转运系统的组成部分已被证明在炎症反应期间会发生功能变化，包括钠钾 ATP 酶、上皮钠通道、囊性纤维化跨膜电导调节器、钙激活氯离子通道和钠钾氯化物协同转运蛋白。影响离子转运的炎症介质有肿瘤坏死因子、γ干扰素、白细胞介素、转化生长因子、白三烯和缓激肽。它们触发前列腺素、一氧化氮和组胺等特定信使的释放，通过特定受体、细胞内第二信使和蛋白激酶改变离子转运系统功能。本综述总结了急性炎症条件下离子转运变化的体内测量数据和体外研究，探索了潜在的机制。讨论了旨在纠正观察到的异常的潜在干预措施。
Ion transport is essential for maintenance of transmembranous and transcellular electric potential, fluid transport and cellular volume. Disturbance of ion transport has been associated with cellular dysfunction, intra and extracellular edema and abnormalities of epithelial surface liquid volume. There is increasing evidence that conditions characterized by an intense local or systemic inflammatory response are associated with abnormal ion transport. This abnormal ion transport has been involved in the pathogenesis of conditions like hypovolemia due to fluid losses, hyponatremia and hypokalemia in diarrhoeal diseases, electrolyte abnormalites in pyelonephritis of early infancy, septicemia induced pulmonary edema, and in hypersecretion and edema induced by inflammatory reactions of the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract. Components of membranous ion transport systems, which have been shown to undergo a change in function during an inflammatory response include the sodium potassium ATPase, the epithelial sodium channel, the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator and calcium activated chloride channels and the sodium potassium chloride co-transporter. Inflammatory mediators, which influence ion transport are tumor necrosis factor, gamma interferon, interleukins, transforming growth factor, leukotrienes and bradykinin. They trigger the release of specific messengers like prostaglandins, nitric oxide and histamine which alter ion transport system function through specific receptors, intracellular second messengers and protein kinases. This review summarizes data on in vivo measurements of changes in ion transport in acute inflammatory conditions and in vitro studies, which have explored the underlying mechanisms. Potential interventions directed at a correction of the observed abnormalities are discussed.