The Stress Reaction: A Historical Perspective
The Stress Reaction: A Historical Perspective
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/5584_2015_195
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reznick, Abraham Z.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rom, Oren;Reznick, Abraham Z.
压力研究的历史——里程碑和人物。本文介绍了压力的定义和现代概念，以及汉斯·塞尔耶与心理学家之间的冲突。介绍了应激的分子和生理机制及其可能的药物干预。应激循环作为应激反应的一个新概念被提出，试图弥合生理学和心理学之间的差距。周期是生命中的循环事件，由4个阶段组成：(1)休止阶段，(2)紧张阶段，(3)反应阶段，(4)缓解阶段。在每个阶段，生理和心理成分都可以被评估。这些组成部分是正确处理每个阶段的基础，并为压力的心理生物学反应提供了统一的模型。此外，还可以测量循环的频率、持续时间、强度等参数，为应力管理提供了有效的工具。最后，讨论了应对压力的现代技术和机制，如挪威门理论和拉撒路压力反应二分模型。在上述模型中，给出了人们如何应对第一次遇到压力事件以及士兵如何应对压力的具体例子。
The history of stress research - milestones and people. Definitions and modern concepts of stress as well as the conflict between Hans Selye and the psychologists are described in this review. The molecular and physiological mechanisms of stress and their possible pharmacological intervention are introduced. The cycle of stress is presented as a new concept of the stress reaction, trying to bridge the gap between physiology and psychology. The cycle is a circular event in life, composed of 4 phases: (1) the resting ground phase, (2) the tension phase, (3) the response phase, and (4) the relief phase. In each phase, both physiological and psychological components can be assessed. These components are the basis for the proper handling of each phase and provide a unified model for the psychobiological response to stress. In addition, parameters of the cycle such as frequency, duration, and intensity can be measured, providing an effective tool for stress management. Finally, modern techniques and mechanisms for coping with stress are discussed like the Norwegian Gate Theory and Lazarus Dichotomy Model for the Stress Reaction. In the above models, specific examples of how people respond to the first time encounter of stressful events and how soldiers cope with stress are presented.