Genetic diversity of rabies virus in different host species and geographic regions of Zambia and Zimbabwe
Genetic diversity of rabies virus in different host species and geographic regions of Zambia and Zimbabwe
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DOI：
10.1007/s11262-019-01682-y
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Sawa, Hirofumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muleya, Walter;Chambaro, Herman Moses;Sawa, Hirofumi
狂犬病在赞比亚和津巴布韦流行。此前在赞比亚中部调查的狂犬病病毒株属于非洲1b谱系，在不同测试宿主和地区发现了类似的流行病毒株。然而，先前的工作只评估了有限的地区和寄主物种。因此，这项研究旨在更全面地确定狂犬病病毒在赞比亚和津巴布韦地区的遗传多样性。从来自赞比亚和津巴布韦的狗、牛、山羊、猫、猪、人和狼的直接荧光抗体试验阳性的脑组织中提取RNA(n=76)。用巢式RT-PCR方法从所有检测样本中获得核蛋白和糖蛋白基因的扩增产物，并进行测序。对N基因的系统发育分析证实，赞比亚和津巴布韦的所有狂犬病流行毒株都属于非洲1b血统。获得的病毒基因序列在系统发育上分为两个簇。第二群只包括赞比亚毒株。相比之下，第一群组包括赞比亚和津巴布韦的毒株，来自津巴布韦的毒株与赞比亚的毒株形成了截然不同的谱系，这意味着由于地理障碍，病毒的遗传差异。然而，没有观察到基于宿主或地区的聚集性证据，这意味着在赞比亚和津巴布韦的不同宿主和地区发生了类似病毒株的传播。野狼的狂犬病病毒株与家畜的狂犬病病毒株的聚集性提供了在野生动物和家畜中传播类似病毒株的证据，胡狼可能是狂犬病病毒感染的潜在宿主之一。在这项研究中，在赞比亚没有检测到津巴布韦流行的毒株。
Rabies is endemic in Zambia and Zimbabwe. The previously investigated strains of rabies virus in central Zambia belong to the Africa 1b lineage, with similar circulating virus strains found in the various tested hosts and regions. However, prior work assessed only limited regions and host species. Thus, this study aimed to more comprehensively determine the genetic diversity of rabies virus across regions of Zambia and Zimbabwe. RNA (n = 76) was extracted from positive direct fluorescent antibody test brain tissues from dog, cow, goat, cat, pig, human, and jackal collected from Zambia and Zimbabwe. The amplicons of the nucleoprotein and glycoprotein genes were obtained from all examined samples by nested RT-PCR and subsequently sequenced. A phylogenetic analysis of the N gene confirmed that all the endemic strains of rabies virus in Zambia and Zimbabwe belong to the Africa 1b lineage. The obtained viral gene sequences were phylogenetically divided into two clusters. Cluster II comprised only Zambian strains. In contrast, cluster I comprised both Zambia and Zimbabwe strains, with strains from Zimbabwe forming a distinct lineage from Zambian strains, implying viral genetic divergence due to geographical barriers. However, no evidence of clustering based on host or region was observed, implying the circulation of similar virus strains occurs in different hosts and regions of Zambia and Zimbabwe. The clustering of rabies virus strains from jackals with those from domestic animals provides evidence of similar virus strains circulating in both wildlife and domestic animals, and that the jackal might be one of the potential reservoirs of rabies virus infection. In this study, no strains circulating in Zimbabwe were detected in Zambia.