Black-spottedpond frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus)on the Chinese Loess Plateau represents a cryptic species: Evidence frommolecular phylogeny and ecological niche modeling
Black-spottedpond frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus)on the Chinese Loess Plateau represents a cryptic species: Evidence frommolecular phylogeny and ecological niche modeling
复制标题
中国黄土高原上的黑斑蛙（Pelophylax nigromaculatus）是一种神秘物种：来自分子系统发育和生态位模型的证据
DOI：
10.1111/jse.12156
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
ZhangDX（张德兴）
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MaD;LiuHT;JiYJ;ShiCM;YangYH;ZhangDX（张德兴）
黑斑池塘蛙（Pelophylax nigromaculatusis）是一种典型的适应温带的两栖动物，主要是东亚特有的。分布范围从中国中部、东部和东北部到俄罗斯远东地区、朝鲜半岛和日本部分地区。迄今为止，人们对这种来自黄土高原的青蛙知之甚少，黄土高原地区自中新世晚期以来经历了深刻的气候和环境变化。特别是在黄土高原和华北平原之间，矗立着吕梁山脉和太行山脉，构成了华东地区的重要地理分界线。因此，黄土高原的青蛙对于了解该物种的生物地理和进化是必不可少的。在这项研究中，共有933个P.对广泛收集的黑斑虫进行了线粒体 Cyt b 基因测序，其中 345 个在 10 个核微卫星位点进行了基因分型。线粒体和微卫星数据都解析了四个主要的青蛙进化枝：（i）黄土高原进化枝，仅包含来自黄土高原的青蛙； (ii) 华东支系，包括除辽东半岛以外的中国其他地区的青蛙； (iii) 半岛分支，包括来自朝鲜半岛和辽东半岛的青蛙； (iv) 日本进化枝。黄土高原的蛙类与其他地区的蛙类存在较大差异，序列差异达11.5%~13.1%，与同属蛙类物种之间的距离相当。生态位模型分析表明，黄土高原蛙与非黄土高原蛙的潜在分布范围存在较大差异；生态位认同测试表明，黄土高原与其他地区青蛙的环境生态位并不等同。因此，我们的数据表明黄土高原青蛙是一种神秘物种。吕梁山脉的隆起是这种神秘的多样化最合理的触发因素。
The black‐spotted pond frogPelophylax nigromaculatusis a typical temperate‐adapted amphibian species, largely endemic to East Asia. It occurs from central, east, and northeast China, to the Russian Far East, the Korean Peninsula, and part of Japan. So far, little is known about this frog from the Loess Plateau, a region that has experienced profound changes in climate and environment since the late Miocene. Particularly, between the Loess Plateau and the North China Plain, stand the Lüliang and Taihang mountain ranges, which form an important geographical divide in East China. Therefore, frogs from the Loess Plateau are indispensable for understanding the biogeography and evolution of this species. In this study, a total of 933 specimens ofP. nigromaculatuscollected range‐wide were sequenced for the mitochondrialCyt bgene, with 345 of them being genotyped at 10 nuclear microsatellite loci. Both mitochondrial and microsatellite data resolved four major frog clades: (i) Loess Plateau clade, containing only frogs from the Loess Plateau; (ii) East China clade, containing frogs from the rest of China except those from the Liaodong Peninsula; (iii) Peninsulas clade, comprising frogs from the Korean Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula; and (iv) Japan clade. Frogs from the Loess Plateau have deeply diverged from frogs in the remaining regions, with 11.5%–13.1% sequence divergence, which is comparable to distances between congeneric ranid species. Ecological niche modeling analysis showed that the potential distribution ranges of the Loess Plateau frogs and the non‐Loess Plateau frogs are rather different; niche identity testing indicated that the environmental niches of frogs from the Loess Plateau and other regions are not equivalent. Our data thus suggest that the Loess Plateau frogs represent a cryptic species. The uplift of the Lüliang Mountains was the most plausible trigger of this cryptic diversification.