What governs attitudes toward artificial intelligence adoption and governance?
What governs attitudes toward artificial intelligence adoption and governance?
复制标题
什么决定了人们对人工智能采用和治理的态度？
DOI：
10.1093/scipol/scac056
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Davenport, Mark A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O’Shaughnessy, Matthew R.;Schiff, Daniel S.;Varshney, Lav R.;Rozell, Christopher J.;Davenport, Mark A.
为人工智能（AI）设计有效和包容性的治理和公共传播策略需要了解利益相关者如何对其使用和治理进行推理。我们使用结构方程模型和对美国成年人（N= 3，524）和参加在线计算机科学硕士学位课程的技术工作者（N= 425）的调查，研究了推动对六个政策相关应用程序中人工智能使用和治理态度的潜在因素和机制。我们发现，个人主义、平等主义、普遍风险规避和技术怀疑主义的文化价值观是人工智能态度的重要驱动力。感知到的利益驱动了对人工智能使用的态度，而不是其治理。专家比公众持有更微妙的观点，更支持人工智能的使用，但不支持其监管。基于这些发现，我们讨论了参与式AI治理的挑战和机遇，我们建议像强调可信AI一样强调可信AI治理。
Designing effective and inclusive governance and public communication strategies for artificial intelligence (AI) requires understanding how stakeholders reason about its use and governance. We examine underlying factors and mechanisms that drive attitudes toward the use and governance of AI across six policy-relevant applications using structural equation modeling and surveys of both US adults (N= 3,524) and technology workers enrolled in an online computer science master’s degree program (N= 425). We find that the cultural values of individualism, egalitarianism, general risk aversion, and techno-skepticism are important drivers of AI attitudes. Perceived benefit drives attitudes toward AI use but not its governance. Experts hold more nuanced views than the public and are more supportive of AI use but not its regulation. Drawing on these findings, we discuss challenges and opportunities for participatory AI governance, and we recommend thattrustworthy AI governancebe emphasized as strongly as trustworthy AI.