EXPERIMENTER-SUBJECT DISTANCE AND SELF-DISCLOSURE
EXPERIMENTER-SUBJECT DISTANCE AND SELF-DISCLOSURE
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DOI：
10.1037/h0029388
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发表时间：
1970-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
FRIEDMAN, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JOURARD, SM;FRIEDMAN, R
在两个实验中的第一个实验中，E和S之间的“距离”从E离开面试房间的最大值到E提供与S的持续眼神交流的最小值不等。依赖测量的是在一些私人话题上自我表露的持续时间，这些话题在亲密程度上存在差异。随着距离的减小，24名女大学生的自我表露减少，而24名男大学生的自我表露没有显著增加或减少。E是男性。研究结果部分支持了M·阿盖尔和S·迪恩(见39：6)的“距离平衡”假说。在实验中第二，同样的E访问了32名男性和32名女性SS，从在场但沉默，到与S的身体接触，并向S透露自己。SS的披露是线性增加的，因为“距离”因此而减少，与基于Argyle-Dean假设的预期相反。来自E的自我表露，加上最少的身体接触，促进了来自SS的自我表露，而不是抑制了它。“距离”的减少伴随着SS报告的积极体验的增加，以及SS对E的印象的增加(参考文献16)(心理信息数据库记录(C)2016 APA，版权所有)
In the 1st of 2 experiments," distance" between E and S was varied from a maximum, where the E left the interviewing room, to a minimum, where the E offered continuous eye contact to the S. The dependent measure was duration of self-disclosure on a number of personal topics varying in intimacy level. As distance decreased, the 24 female undergraduates reduced their self-disclosure, while the 24 males showed no significant increase or decrease. The E was male. Findings provide partial support for M. Argyle and S. Dean's (see 39: 6)" distance-equilibrium" hypothesis. In Exp. II, the same E interviewed 32 male and 32 female Ss at further decreases of" distance," ranging from being present but silent, to making physical contact with the S, and disclosing himself to the S. There was a linear increase in Ss' disclosure as" distance" was thus reduced, contrary to an expectation based upon the Argyle-Dean hypothesis. Self-disclosure from an E, in combination with minimal physical contact, facilitated self-disclosure from Ss rather than inhibited it. The reductions in" distance" were accompanied by increases in positive experience reported by Ss, and by increased change in Ss' impression of the E.(16 ref.)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)