Comparing the impacts of macronutrients on life-history traits in larval and adult Drosophila melanogaster. the use of nutritional geometry and chemically defined diets
Comparing the impacts of macronutrients on life-history traits in larval and adult Drosophila melanogaster. the use of nutritional geometry and chemically defined diets
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.181115
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Lee, Kwang Pum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jang, Taehwan;Lee, Kwang Pum
蛋白质和碳水化合物是两种主要的宏量营养素，对包括黑腹果蝇在内的许多生物体的适应性产生深远的影响。我们对这些常量营养素如何塑造D.通过使用营养几何学，已经大大增强了黑腹鱼的营养，但是对该物种的大多数营养几何学分析是使用化学上不明确的半合成饮食进行的。在这里，我们结合使用的营养几何和化学定义的饮食，比较模式的幼虫和成人的生活史性状表示在34个饮食系统不同的蛋白质：碳水化合物（P：C）的比例和蛋白质加碳水化合物（P+C）的浓度。为所有幼虫和成虫性状构建的响应面的形状彼此显著不同，营养最佳值被确定为P：C 1：4的寿命（P+C 120 g l（-1））1：2的卵到成虫的生存能力（120 g l（-1）），1：1的雌体质量在成虫羽化（240 g l（-1））和终身繁殖力（360 g l（-1）），2：1的幼虫发育率（60 g l（-1））和8：1的卵生产率（120 g l（-1））。这种生活史性状间营养最适值的差异表明D。局限于单一饮食的黑腹动物不能同时最大化这些特征的表达，因此可能面临生活史权衡。我们的数据提供了最全面和营养上明确的分析大量营养素对生活史性状的影响，在D。黑腹和支持新兴的概念，即生活史特征之间的基本权衡是由常量营养素介导的。
Protein and carbohydrate are the two major macronutrients that exert profound influences over fitness in many organisms, including Drosophila melanogaster. Our understanding of how these macronutrients shape the components of fitness in D. melanogaster has been greatly enhanced by the use of nutritional geometry, but most nutritional geometric analyses on this species have been conducted using semi-synthetic diets that are not chemically well defined. Here, we combined the use of nutritional geometry and chemically defined diets to compare the patterns of larval and adult life-history traits expressed across 34 diets systematically varying in protein:carbohydrate (P:C) ratio and in protein plus carbohydrate (P+C) concentration. The shape of the response surfaces constructed for all larval and adult traits differed significantly from one another, with the nutritional optima being identified at P:C 1:4 for lifespan (P+C 120 g l(-1)) 1:2 for egg-to-adult viability (120 g l(-1)), 1:1 for female body mass at adult eclosion (240 g l(-1) ) and lifetime fecundity (360 g l(-1) ), 2:1 for larval developmental rate (60 g l(-1) ) and 8:1 for egg production rate (120 g l(-1)). Such divergence in nutritional optima among life-history traits indicates that D. melanogaster confined to a single diet cannot maximize the expression of these traits simultaneously and thus may face a life-history trade-off. Our data provide the most comprehensive and nutritionally explicit analysis of the impacts of macronutrients on life-history traits in D. melanogaster and support the emerging notion that the fundamental trade-offs among life-history traits are mediated by macronutrients.