How prior knowledge affects problem-solving performance in a medical simulation game: Using game-logs and eye-tracking
How prior knowledge affects problem-solving performance in a medical simulation game: Using game-logs and eye-tracking
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chb.2019.05.035
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
van Merrienboer, Jeroen J. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Joy Yeonjoo;Donkers, Jeroen;van Merrienboer, Jeroen J. G.
基于计算机的模拟游戏提供了训练复杂问题解决技能的环境。然而，人们在很大程度上尚不清楚学习者在游戏中的表现如何随着先验知识水平的不同而变化。基于复杂技能习得理论（例如 4C/ID），我们推导出先验知识可能影响的四个表现方面：（1）方法的系统性，（2）视觉注意力和运动反应的准确性，（3）表现速度，以及（4）认知负荷。本研究旨在实证检验先验知识是否会影响复苏技能训练的医学模拟游戏中这四个方面的表现。参与者包括 24 名医学专业人士（专家，具有较高的基础知识）和 22 名医学生（新手，具有较低的基础知识）。预训练后，他们都玩了一个场景，在此期间收集游戏日志和眼球运动。随后进行了认知负荷调查问卷。在游戏过程中，专家们展示了比新手更系统的方法、更高的视觉选择和运动反应准确性以及更高的执行速度。他们报告的认知负荷水平较低。这些结果表明，先验知识对模拟游戏的性能有重大影响，为使用我们的方法进行性能评估提供了可能性。
Computer-based simulation games provide an environment to train complex problem-solving skills. Yet, it is largely unknown how the in-game performance of learners varies with different levels of prior knowledge. Based on theories of complex-skill acquisition (e.g., 4C/ID), we derive four performance aspects that prior knowledge may affect: (1) systematicity in approach, (2) accuracy in visual attention and motor reactions, (3) speed in performance, and (4) cognitive load. This study aims to empirically test whether prior knowledge affects these four aspects of performance in a medical simulation game for resuscitation skills training. Participants were 24 medical professionals (experts, with high prior knowledge) and 22 medical students (novices, with low prior knowledge). After pre-training, they all played one scenario, during which game-logs and eye-movements were collected. A cognitive-load questionnaire ensued. During game play, experts demonstrated a more systematic approach, higher accuracy in visual selection and motor reaction, and a higher performance speed than novices. Their reported levels of cognitive load were lower. These results indicate that prior knowledge has a substantial impact on performance in simulation games, opening up the possibility of using our measures for performance assessment.