Predicted rates of inbreeding with additive maternal effects.
Predicted rates of inbreeding with additive maternal effects.
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具有附加母体效应的近亲繁殖的预测率。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Woolliams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Rönnegård;J. Woolliams
在许多物种中，尤其是哺乳动物，母系效应在适合度和个体表现的其他方面发挥着重要作用，但它们对物种内遗传变异及其在选择过程中的损失率的影响一直被忽视。在本文中，我们将预期的长期遗传贡献理论扩展到包括母体效应，并通过与模拟的比较，检验了在大规模选择下预测种群近交率的准确性。该模型包括直接遗传效应和母体加性遗传效应的选择优势，以及母体共同环境效应的选择优势。所调查的种群结构具有固定的种群数量和固定的家庭规模。近交率（deltaF）的预测误差大多小于模拟均值的8%，且在量级上低于遗传增益（deltaG）的预测误差。deltaG从贡献中得出的预测与之前发表的预测相同。母系遗传效应的变异所导致的三角洲要比母系环境效应同样大小的变异所导致的三角洲大得多。对于一个固定的遗传增益，deltaF随着母亲遗传力的增加而增加。家庭规模、交配比例和年龄结构对deltaF的影响在包含母系效应的情况下大于仅包含直接遗传效应的情况。综上所述，在预测选择种群的δ f时，母体效应是一个非常重要的考虑因素，所开发的方法给出了很好的预测。
Maternal effects play an important role in fitness and other aspects of individual performance in many species, particularly mammalian, yet their impact on genetic variation within species and its rate of loss during selection has been neglected. In this paper we extend the theory of expected long-term genetic contributions to include maternal effects, and tested the accuracy of predicted rates of inbreeding for populations under mass selection by comparison with simulations. The model includes selective advantages of direct and maternal additive genetic effects, and also the selective advantage of a common maternal environmental effect. The population structures investigated had a fixed number of dams per sire and fixed family size. Most prediction errors of the rate of inbreeding (deltaF) were less than 8% of the simulated means and were lower in magnitude than the prediction errors of genetic gain (deltaG). The predictions of deltaG from contributions equalled previously published predictions. A variation in maternal genetic effects resulted in a much larger deltaF than for an equally sized variation in common maternal environmental effects. For a fixed genetic gain, deltaF increased as the maternal heritability increased. The influence of family size, mating ratio and age structure on deltaF was greater with maternal effects than with only direct genetic effects included. In conclusion, maternal effects can be a very important aspect to consider when predicting deltaF in populations under selection, and the developed methodology gives good predictions.