Analysis of Causes of Vibration Differences Induced by Different Kinds of Blastholes Based on the Interpretation of Blasting Parameters: A Case Study in Dam Foundation Excavation
Analysis of Causes of Vibration Differences Induced by Different Kinds of Blastholes Based on the Interpretation of Blasting Parameters: A Case Study in Dam Foundation Excavation
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DOI：
10.1007/s00603-023-03457-2
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发表时间：
2023-07
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
H. Zhou;Q. Gao;Yong Fan;Wenbo Lu;Ya-Qiang Wang;Yubo Yang;Z. Leng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Zhou;Q. Gao;Yong Fan;Wenbo Lu;Ya-Qiang Wang;Yubo Yang;Z. Leng
预裂孔、光面孔、生产孔等不同类型的炮孔，其振动特性有很大差异。弄清不同类型炮孔的振动差异及其内在原因，对爆破振动的安全控制具有重要意义。本文以某大坝基础开挖为例，采用理论分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，对预裂爆破孔、光面爆破孔和生产爆破孔引起振动差异的内在原因进行了研究和探讨。此外，还进行了现场爆破试验，验证了振动特性的差异。结果表明，预裂孔和光面孔的孔壁爆炸压力远小于生产孔。因此，内部爆破效果（即，预裂孔和光面孔的围岩破坏和塑性区相对较弱。另一方面，外部爆破效应（即，由爆炸波在自由表面处的反射引起的岩石破碎）是可以忽略的，因为它们的炉料厚度相对于其它爆破孔大得多。因此，预裂炮孔的爆炸能量转化为振动能量的比例要比其它两种炮孔高得多。而光面炮孔与生产炮孔由于内外爆破效应的平衡，其振动能量转换和塑性区发展基本处于同一水平。实测的不同类型炮孔诱发的质点峰值速度（PPV）和主频与上述理论和数值结果吻合较好。由此可见，不同炮孔引起的振动特性差异的内在原因在于爆破参数的不同，而爆破参数的不同决定了内外爆破效应的比例。
The vibration characteristics induced by different kinds of blastholes, such as presplitting blastholes, smooth blastholes, and production blastholes, are quite different. Figuring out the vibration differences of different kinds of blastholes and the inherent causes are of great significance for the safety control of blast vibration. In this study, taking the excavation of a dam foundation as a case study, the inherent causes of vibration differences induced by presplitting blastholes, smooth blastholes, and production blastholes are investigated and discussed with both theoretical analyses and numerical simulation methods. In addition, onsite blasting experiments are conducted to verify the vibration characteristics differences. The results show that the explosion pressure applied on the hole wall of the presplitting and smooth blastholes are much smaller than those applied on the production blastholes. Thus, the inner blasting effects (i.e., the rock breakage and plastic zone around the blasthole) of the presplitting and smooth blastholes are relatively weaker. On the other hand, the outer blasting effects (i.e., the rock breakage induced by the reflection of blast waves at the free surface) of the presplitting blasthole are negligible because of their substantially larger burden thicknesses relative to the other blastholes. Therefore, much more explosion energy of the presplitting blasthole is converted into vibration energy than the other two kinds of blastholes. However, the vibration energy conversion and the plastic zone development of the smooth blastholes and production blastholes are approximately at the same level due to the balance of their inner and outer blasting effects. The measured peak particle velocities (PPVs) and dominant frequencies induced by different kinds of blastholes show good agreement with the above theoretical and numerical conclusions. It can be drawn that the inherent causes of the vibration characteristics differences induced by various blastholes lie in the differences in the blasting parameters, which determine the proportions of the inner and outer blasting effects.