How Does Religiosity Enhance Well-Being? The Role of Perceived Control
How Does Religiosity Enhance Well-Being? The Role of Perceived Control
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DOI：
10.1037/a0021597
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Bergeman, C. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jackson, Brenda R.;Bergeman, C. S.
幸福感和灵性（R/S）始终与幸福的积极指标相关联，但这些关联背后的机制在很大程度上仍然未知。我们假设，一个人的感知控制（PC）的水平作为这种关系的调解人，这种影响是在老年人更强。参与者是来自圣母大学健康与福祉研究的529名成年人（年龄31-88岁）。回归分析测试的中介和调节功能的PC为三个不同的R/S组件（宗教习俗，日常精神体验，宗教/精神应对）;复合变量用于PC和主观幸福感（SWB）在所有的分析。对这些影响进行了全面抽样检验，并按年龄组（31-49岁的中年早期; 50-59岁的中年晚期; 60岁及以上的中年晚期）分别进行了检验，以发现可能存在的任何年龄差异。结果显示，两个R/S维度和年龄组的差异：PC部分介导的宗教实践，SWB的关系，在全样本和晚年组;宗教/精神应对和精神体验对SWB的影响，部分介导的PC在全样本，中年晚期组，和晚年组;和没有R/S-SWB的关系，在中年早期组介导。调节效应表明PC和精神体验的全样本，PC和宗教应对的全样本，PC和宗教习俗在以后的生活组之间的显着相互作用。
Religiousness and spirituality (R/S) are consistently linked with positive indicators of well-being, but the mechanisms behind these associations remain largely unknown. We hypothesize that an individual's level of perceived control (PC) acts as a mediator of this relationship and that this effect is stronger in older adults. Participants were 529 adults from the Notre Dame Study of Health and Well-Being (aged 31-88). Regression analyses tested both mediating and moderating functions of PC for three different R/S components (religious practices, daily spiritual experiences, and religious/spiritual coping); composite variables were used for PC and subjective well-being (SWB) in all analyses. These effects were tested using the full sample, as well as separately by age group (early midlife, aged 31-49; late midlife, aged 50-59; and later life, aged 60 and over), in order to discover any age differences that may exist. Results revealed differences by both R/S dimension and age group: PC partially mediated the religious practices-SWB relationship in the full sample and in the later life group; the effects of religious/spiritual coping and spiritual experiences on SWB were partially mediated by PC in the full sample, the late midlife group, and the later life group; and none of the R/S-SWB relationships were mediated in the early midlife group. Moderating effects were indicated by significant interactions between PC and spiritual experiences in the full sample, PC and religious coping in the full sample, and PC and religious practices in the later life group.