Relationships between frontal-gland formation and mandibular modification during JH III-induced presoldier differentiation in the termite Reticulitermes speratus (Isoptera : Rhinotermitidae)
Relationships between frontal-gland formation and mandibular modification during JH III-induced presoldier differentiation in the termite Reticulitermes speratus (Isoptera : Rhinotermitidae)
复制标题
JH III诱导的白蚁散白蚁（等翅目：鼻白蚁科）的前额腺形成与下颌修饰之间的关系
DOI：
10.1111/j.1479-8298.2011.00468.x
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Maekawa K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watanabe D;Maekawa K
白蚁士兵从事群体防御，他们拥有武器来攻击敌人。根据士兵武器的形态，不同物种的防御策略有所不同。额腺和细长的下颌骨都是在散白蚁工蜂的士兵分化过程中形成的，这与保幼激素（JH）滴度的增加有关。结果表明，JH 的施用量以及与士兵的共存会影响诱导的前士兵的下颌伸长。确定应用的 JH 浓度与 R 额腺发育之间的关系。在有或没有士兵的情况下，观察了 20、40 和 80 µg JH III 诱导的前士兵的剑突、下颌变形和额腺形成。接受 20 和 40μg JH III 治疗的士兵前分化率及其下颌长度均受到士兵存在的影响。特别是在20μg JH III治疗中，一些前士兵观察到额孔畸形。与静止蜕皮的工蜂相比，所有额孔畸形的前士兵的下颌骨大小几乎相同。有趣的是，这些前士兵的切片显示，与下颌骨相对拉长的前士兵相比，额腺内陷发生不完全。因此，额腺的形成可能会受到 JH 滴度（应用的和内源性 JH）的影响，并且额孔畸形的个体可能通过 JH 滴度仅略高于入伍前分化的阈值来区分。
Termite soldiers engage in colony defense and they possess weapons in order to attack enemies. Defensive strategies vary among species depending on the morphology of the soldier's weapons. Both the frontal gland and elongated mandibles are formed during soldier differentiation ofReticulitermes speratusworkers, which is associated with an increase in juvenile hormone (JH) titer. It was shown that the amount of JH applied and coexistence with soldiers affected mandibular elongation of the induced presoldiers. To determine the relationship between applied JH concentration and frontal‐gland development ofR. speratus, mandibular modification and frontal‐gland formation of presoldiers induced by 20, 40 and 80 µg JH III in the presence or absence of soldiers were observed. Both presoldier differentiation rates and their mandibular lengths were affected by the presence of soldiers in treatments with 20 and 40 µg JH III. Especially in the treatment with 20 µg JH III, frontal‐pore malformation was observed in some presoldiers. All presoldiers with a malformed frontal pore had almost the same sized mandibles, compared with those of stationarily molted workers. Interestingly, sections of these presoldiers showed that frontal‐gland invagination occurred incompletely in comparison with presoldiers with relatively elongated mandibles. Consequently, frontal‐gland formation might be affected by JH titer (applied and endogenous JH), and individuals with a malformed frontal pore were probably differentiated by JH titers only slightly above the threshold for presoldier differentiation.