Long-Range Acoustic Communication in Anurans: An Integrated and Evolutionary Approach
Long-Range Acoustic Communication in Anurans: An Integrated and Evolutionary Approach
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无尾目动物的远距离声学通信：一种集成和进化的方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
1977
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通讯作者：
M. J. Littlejohn
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. J. Littlejohn
在大多数无脊椎动物的繁殖生物学中，声音交流是一个重要而显著的组成部分：在雄性建立和维护领地、促进同种配偶对雄性的吸引、求爱、识别性别和生殖状态方面。本文从综合进化的角度对无尾目动物的远程声通信系统进行了研究，并探讨了繁殖过程中对该系统的制约因素。Shannon和Weaver（1949）最初开发了一种通信系统模型，并将其应用于生物系统中，这为建立这种方法提供了一个有用的框架。Cherry（1957）、Johnston（1976）、mole（1963）等人将其应用于生物系统。这种生物通信系统由四个主要元素组成：共同的信号（一组信号）、源（发射器或发射机）、通信信道和相关的噪声，以及目的地或接收器（图1）。每个功能子系统，发射复合体和接收复合体，通常都包含在一个个体的结构中。从公共保留表中选择消息，编码并作为信号引入信道。信道的扰动（噪声）倾向于降低信号的智能（信息内容），这些信息随后被接收器接受，解码并与其曲目的内容进行比较。其结果是完成生物交流序列的输出。通过同义词或重复将冗余合并到消息中，有助于克服噪声信道的问题，但以能量、时间和传输速率为代价。
Acoustic communication constitutes an important and conspicuous part of the breeding biology of most anurans: in the establishment and maintenance of territories by males, in facilitating the attraction of conspecific mates to males, in courtship, and in the identification of sex and reproductive state. The aim of this review is to examine the long-range acoustic communication system of anurans through an integrated and evolutionary approach, and to consider the constraints on the system in the context of reproduction. A useful framework on which to build such an approach is provided by the model of a communication system initially developed by Shannon and Weaver (1949), and applied to biological systems by Cherry (1957), Johnston (1976), Moles (1963) and others. This biocommunication system consists of four main elements: the common repertoire (set of signs), the source (emitter or transmitter),the communication channel and associated noise, and the destination or receiver (Fig. 1). Each functional subsystem, emitter complex and receiver complex, is normally contained within the structure of one individual. A message is selected from the common repertoire, encoded and introduced into the channel as a signal. Perturbations of the channel (noise) tend to reduce the intelligence of the signal (information content), which is subsequently accepted by the receiver, decoded and compared with the contents of its repertoire. The result is an output that completes the bio-communicative sequence. The incorporation of redundancy into the message, through synonymy or repetition, helps to overcome the problem of a noisy channel, but at the expense of energy, time and transmission rate.