THE MEASURE OF ORDER AND DISORDER IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES IN FRAGMENTED HABITAT
THE MEASURE OF ORDER AND DISORDER IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES IN FRAGMENTED HABITAT
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00317508
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发表时间：
1993-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
PATTERSON, BD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ATMAR, W;PATTERSON, BD
人们发现自然破碎栖息地内的物种分布模式经常表现出明显的嵌套模式。这些巢状物种分布模式隐含着高度可预测的灭绝序列，因此这些模式对保护生物学的哲学和实践都很重要。一个简单的热力学测量的顺序和混乱的嵌套模式中明显的描述。该度量提供了（i）物种灭绝顺序的不确定性的度量，（ii）相对种群稳定性的度量，（iii）识别最低可持续种群规模的方法，以及（iv）物种组合的历史一致性的估计。四个假设支配着度量及其理论的发展：（i）支离破碎的生境曾经是完整的，最初由单一的共同来源生物群居住，（ii）岛屿最初在生境异质性和类型组合方面是一致的，在其破碎后的历史中一直如此，（三）无明显倾斜整个群岛存在（纬度）梯度，以促进整个群岛的物种更替，以及（iv）所有感兴趣的物种在所有土地上都是同等隔离的。违反这些条件，促进物种分布是特异性的一般灭绝顺序预期在破碎群岛。虽然灭绝顺序中的一些随机变化是可以预期的，但特异质分布模式不同于随机性，并且很容易从这种噪音中分离出来。描述了鉴定特异质种和位点的方法。
Species distribution patterns within naturally fragmented habitat have been found to often exhibit patterns of pronounced nestedness. Highly predictable extinction sequences are implied by these nested species distribution patterns, thus the patterns are important to both the philosophy and practice of conservation biology. A simple thermodynamic measure of the order and disorder apparent in the nested patterns is described. The metric offers (i) a measure of the uncertainty in species extinction order, (ii) a measure of relative populational stabilities, (iii) a means of identifying minimally sustainable population sizes, and (iv) an estimate of the historical coherence of the species assemblage. Four presumptions govern the development of the metric and its theory: (i) the fragmented habitat was once whole and originally populated by a single common source biota, (ii) the islands were initially uniform in their habitat heterogeneity and type mix, and have remained so throughout their post-fragmentation history, (iii) no significant clinal (latitudinal) gradation exists across the archipelago so as to promote species turnover across the archipelago, and (iv) all species of interest are equally isolated on all is lands. The violation of these conditions promotes species distributions which are idiosyncratic to the general extinction order expected in fragmentation archipelagos. While some random variation in extinction order is to be expected, idiosyncratic distributional patterns differ from randomness and are readily segregatable from such noise. A method of identifying idiosyncratic species and sites is described.