The Protective Role of Type I Interferons in the Gastrointestinal Tract.
The Protective Role of Type I Interferons in the Gastrointestinal Tract.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.00410
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Gamero AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kotredes KP;Thomas B;Gamero AM
胃肠道(GI)的免疫系统负责识别和消除病原体，同时维持对共生菌的耐受。这种微妙的平衡失调可能是有害的，导致严重的炎症、肠道损伤和癌症。因此，传递调节细胞生长和免疫反应的重要信号的机制必须到位，以支持胃肠道的动态平衡。I型干扰素是一类多效性细胞因子家族，具有广泛的生物学效应，包括促进促炎和抗炎活性。利用结肠炎的动物模型，对肠道上皮炎症调节的研究强调了干扰素-I信号在免疫系统精细调节中的作用。肠道上皮引导免疫系统区分共生和致病微生物区系，这依赖于与干扰素-I信号转导途径的密切联系。目前的模式描述了干扰素-I诱导的肠上皮细胞的抗增殖状态，使细胞分化、细胞成熟和适当的肠道屏障功能，有力地支持了其在维持基线免疫活性和清除受损的上皮细胞或病原体方面的作用。在这篇综述中，我们将通过讨论干扰素-I在炎症、免疫和癌症中的作用来强调其在肠道内稳态中的重要性。
The immune system of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract manages the significant task of recognizing and eliminating pathogens while maintaining tolerance of commensal bacteria. Dysregulation of this delicate balance can be detrimental, resulting in severe inflammation, intestinal injury, and cancer. Therefore, mechanisms to relay important signals regulating cell growth and immune reactivity must be in place to support GI homeostasis. Type I interferons (IFN-I) are a family of pleiotropic cytokines, which exert a wide range of biological effects including promotion of both pro- and anti-inflammatory activities. Using animal models of colitis, investigations into the regulation of intestinal epithelium inflammation highlight the role of IFN-I signaling during fine modulation of the immune system. The intestinal epithelium of the gut guides the immune system to differentiate between commensal and pathogenic microbiota, which relies on intimate links with the IFN-I signal-transduction pathway. The current paradigm depicts an IFN-I-induced antiproliferative state in the intestinal epithelium enabling cell differentiation, cell maturation, and proper intestinal barrier function, strongly supporting its role in maintaining baseline immune activity and clearance of damaged epithelia or pathogens. In this review, we will highlight the importance of IFN-I in intestinal homeostasis by discussing its function in inflammation, immunity, and cancer.