The End of the Volunteer Fleet: Some Evidence on the Scope of Pobedonostsev's Power in Russia
The End of the Volunteer Fleet: Some Evidence on the Scope of Pobedonostsev's Power in Russia
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志愿舰队的终结：有关波别多诺采夫在俄罗斯权力范围的一些证据
DOI：
10.2307/2495878
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发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Thomas Sorenson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thomas Sorenson
在俄罗斯最后两个皇帝的统治期间，康斯坦丁·P·波别多诺斯采夫一直被认为是王位背后的真实的权力。据说他决定了19世纪80年代和90年代的反动政策。罗伯特·伯恩斯最近证明，波别多诺斯采夫的影响力实际上大大低于已经假设。伯恩斯相当正确地认为，波别多诺斯采夫在尼古拉二世统治下权力很小，他对亚历山大三世的重要性在1890年后开始下降，即使在他权力的顶峰，波别多诺斯采夫也不能总是说服亚历山大采纳他的观点。然而，尽管伯恩斯认为他的影响力有限，但他仍然认为波别多诺斯采夫在“他自己的特殊利益领域”拥有相当大的权力。“然而，有证据表明，即使是对Pobedonostsev权力的这种评估也需要重新考虑。1883年3月发生的一件事表明，即使在关系到他切身利益的问题上，他也并非总是能够随意决定政策。
Konstantin P. Pobedonostsev was long considered the real power behind the throne during the reigns of the last two emperors of Russia. He was said to have determined the reactionary policies of the 1880s and 1890s. Robert Byrnes has recently demonstrated that Pobedonostsev's influence was in fact considerably less than had been assumed. Byrnes quite properly maintains that Pobedonostsev had very little power under Nicholas II, that his importance for Alexander III began to decline after 1890, and that even at the height of his power Pobedonostsev could not always persuade Alexander to adopt his point of view. However, although Byrnes concludes that his influence was limited, he still attributes to Pobedonostsev considerable power in “his own special spheres of interest.“ Evidence exists, nevertheless, that even this assessment of Pobedonostsev's power needs to be reconsidered. An event occurred in March 1883 which demonstrates that he was not always in a position to determine policy at will even in matters of vital interest to him.