Alternatives to lung transplantation: lung volume reduction for COPD.

Alternatives to lung transplantation: lung volume reduction for COPD.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ccm.2011.02.014
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发表时间:
2011-06
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Criner GJ
Criner GJ
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Criner GJ

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肺气肿是致残性和进行性的,以运动耐受性下降和生活质量受损为特征。恶性通货膨胀是肺气肿的前哨生理特征,是导致运动不耐受、呼吸困难、生活质量受损和高死亡率的原因。药物治疗不能改变肺气肿的进展,对缓解呼吸困难或改善功能表现或生活质量几乎没有作用。几十年来,减少肺容量的手术干预一直是多种干预措施的重点;然而,直到最近,有限的证据证明了它们的有效性。肺减容手术(LVRS)在国家肺气肿治疗试验(NETT)中进行了严格的研究,证明了其短期和长期有效性、相关发病率和死亡率以及预测LVRS成功或失败的基本因素。目前的研究主要集中在微创技术的使用上,主要是支气管镜技术,在不开胸的情况下减少肺容量。在此,我总结了NETT的主要结果,并简要回顾了较新的支气管镜肺减容技术,这些技术有望作为选择性COPD患者考虑肺移植的替代治疗方法。
Emphysema is disabling and progressive and hallmarked by decreased exercise tolerance and impaired quality of life. Hyperinflation is the sentinel physiological characteristic of emphysema that is responsible for exercise intolerance, dyspnea, impaired quality of life and high mortality. Medical treatment does not alter the progression of emphysema and has little effect on palliating dyspnea or improving functional performance or quality of life. Surgical interventions that reduce lung volume have been the focus of multiple interventions for decades; however, until recently, limited evidence has documented their effectiveness. Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) underwent rigorous study in the National Emphysema Treatment Trial (NETT), which demonstrated its short and long term effectiveness, associated morbidity and mortality and the essential factors that predict LVRS success or failure. Current investigation focuses on the use of less invasive techniques, predominantly bronchoscopic techniques that reduce lung volume without open thoracotomy. Herein, I summarize the major results of the NETT and briefly review newer bronchoscopic lung volume reduction techniques that show promise as alternative treatments for select COPD patients undergoing consideration for lung transplantation.
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