Liver colour scoring index, carotenoids and lipid content assessment as a proxy for lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) health and welfare condition
Liver colour scoring index, carotenoids and lipid content assessment as a proxy for lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) health and welfare condition
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-65535-7
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发表时间：
2020-06-02
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Rey, Sonia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eliasen, Kirstin;Patursson, Esbern J.;Rey, Sonia
确保鲑鱼养殖场的肿块鱼健康和福利对于降低报告的高死亡率和保证高除虱效率至关重要。最近对养殖圆斑鱼肝脏的观察显示，颜色范围从苍白（颜色 1 和 2）、亮橙色（颜色 3 和 4）到深红棕色（颜色 5 和 6），其中一些可能与福利状况有关。为了描述四个法罗群岛鲑鱼养殖场饲养的肿块鱼的状况，评估了几项福利指标：体重与长度关系、外部物理损伤评分以及解剖后胃内容物和肝脏颜色评分。对肝脏样本进行称重、储存并分析脂质含量、脂质类别、总色素、脂肪酸谱和组织病理学，以解释上述肝脏颜色之间的差异。亮橙色的肝脏（肝脏颜色 3 和 4）与类胡萝卜素色素水平的增加有关，而不是与脂质水平有关，并且似乎反映了良好的鱼类福利。然而，深红棕色（肝脏颜色 5 和 6）与肝脏中极低水平的三酰甘油酯相关，表明脂质储备已被使用且福利状况较差。组织病理学证实，深红棕色的肝脏（肝脏颜色5和6）形成了一个独特的群体。因此，肝脏颜色被证明是一个很好的福利指标，应该在农场进行监测。
Ensuring lumpfish health and welfare in salmon farms is vital to reduce the high mortality rates reported and to guarantee a high delousing efficiency. Recent observations of farmed lumpfish livers have shown colours ranging from pale (colours 1 and 2), through bright orange (colours 3 and 4), to dark reddish-brown (colours 5 and 6), some of which may be related to welfare condition. To characterize the status of lumpfish deployed in four Faroese salmon farms, several welfare indicators were assessed: a weight-length relationship, scoring of external physical damage, and after dissection, stomach content and liver colour scoring. Liver samples were weighed, stored and analysed for lipid content, lipid classes, total pigments, fatty acid profile and histopathology to explain the differences between the mentioned liver colours. Bright orange livers, liver colours 3 and 4, were related to increased levels of carotenoid pigments rather than levels of lipids and appear to reflect good fish welfare. However, dark reddish-brown colours, liver colours 5 and 6, were associated with very low levels of triacyl glycerides in the liver, indicating use of lipid reserves and poor welfare condition. Histopathology confirmed that the dark reddish-brown livers, liver colours 5 and 6, formed a distinct group. Thus, liver colour was shown to be a good welfare indicator and should be monitored in farms.