Between Biography and Ethnography
Between Biography and Ethnography
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传记与民族志之间
DOI：
10.1017/s0017816008001910
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
Michael D. Jackson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michael D. Jackson
我这篇文章的出发点是Davíd卡拉斯科2006年9月在哈佛神学院的毕业典礼上的演讲。说到墨西哥和美国之间的边境，卡拉斯科给人的印象是一个令人烦恼和模糊的区域，这不仅仅是地理上或政治上的；它定义了一种介于挣扎和痛苦之间的存在状态，卡尔·雅斯贝尔斯将其总结为“边界/限制状态”。这片边疆唤起了人们对边缘体验的想象，一种不稳定的、越界的意识，在这种意识中，“梦境、压抑的记忆、心理转移和联想”比在平常清醒的生活中更有存在感，宗教体验像幽灵一样从无意识中浮现。这种边缘地带和边缘现象之间的相互作用——“我们与他人的差异和我们内心的冲突”之间的相互作用，也在Gloria Anzaldúa的作品中得到了体现。“混血儿意识”，她观察到，可能被认为是“现象碰撞的结合点”。这意味着“一种冲击文化，一种边境文化，一个第三国”，在那里，移民发现自己处于他们所能忍受的极限，边境巡逻人员被拉伸到他们所能控制的极限之外，知识分子发现，描述和分析世界的正统方式并不能公正地对待所涉及的经历。
My point of departure in this essay is Davíd Carrasco's Convocation Address at the Harvard Divinity School in September 2006. Speaking of the borderlands between Mexico and the United States, Carrasco projects an image of a vexed and ambiguous zone that is not merely geographic or political; it defines an existential situation of being betwixt and between, of struggle and suffering, that Karl Jaspers sums up in the term Grenzsituationen (borders/limit situations). The frontier throws up images of borderline experiences, of a destabilized and transgressive consciousness in which “dreams, repressed memories, psychological transferences and associations” possess greater presence than they do in ordinary waking life, and religious experiences emerge from the unconscious like apparitions. This interplay between borderlands and borderline phenomena—between “the differences we have with others and the conflicts within ourselves” also finds expression in the work of Gloria Anzaldúa. “Mestiza consciousness,” she observes, may be identified with a “juncture … where phenomena collide.” This implies “a shock culture, a border culture, a third country” where migrants find themselves at the limits of what they can endure, border patrol agents are stretched beyond the limits of what they can control, and intellectuals find that orthodox ways of describing and analyzing the world do not do justice to the experiences involved.