Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus activates the hypoxia response to usurp HIF2α-dependent translation initiation for replication and oncogenesis.

Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus activates the hypoxia response to usurp HIF2α-dependent translation initiation for replication and oncogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110144
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发表时间:
2021-12-28
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Mesri, Enrique A.
Mesri, Enrique A.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mendez-Solis, Omayra;Bendjennat, Mourad;Naipauer, Julian;Theodoridis, Phaedra R.;Ho, J. J. David;Verdun, Ramiro E.;Hare, Joshua M.;Cesarman, Ethel;Lee, Stephen;Mesri, Enrique A.

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卡波西肉瘤疱疹病毒(KSHV)是一种诱导血管生成的肿瘤病毒,其篡夺氧敏感机制的能力是其致癌性的核心。通过上调缺氧诱导因子(HIF),KSHV将感染细胞重编程至缺氧样状态,引发血管生成。在这里,我们通过显示KSHV调节HIF 2 α水平和在常氧条件下定位于内质网(ER)的能力,通过HIF 2 α调节的eIF 4 E2抑制起始复合物翻译病毒裂解mRNA,确定了KSHV复制生物学和致癌性之间的联系。感染细胞中的这种翻译机制对于裂解蛋白的合成至关重要,并有助于KSHV诱导的PDGFRA活化和VEGF分泌。因此,KSHV对氧敏感机制的调节允许病毒感染细胞通过mTOR依赖性eIF 4 E1或HIF 2 α依赖性、mTOR非依赖性eIF 4 E2启动翻译。这种“翻译起始可塑性”(TRIP)是一种用于优化病毒蛋白表达的肿瘤病毒策略,其将病毒复制的分子策略与血管生成和肿瘤发生联系起来。Ménel-Solís等人表明,KSHV在裂解期上调并重新定位HIF 2 α至ER,以获得替代翻译机制eIF 4FH。这种KSHV“翻译起始可塑性”允许感染的细胞通过mTOR依赖性或非依赖性机制翻译病毒和宿主蛋白,从而促进KSHV诱导的肉瘤发生。
Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is an angiogenesis-inducing oncovirus whose ability to usurp the oxygen-sensing machinery is central to its oncogenicity. By upregulating the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), KSHV reprograms infected cells to a hypoxia-like state, triggering angiogenesis. Here we identify a link between KSHV replicative biology and oncogenicity by showing that KSHV’s ability to regulate HIF2α levels and localization to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in normoxia enables translation of viral lytic mRNAs through the HIF2α-regulated eIF4E2 translation-initiation complex. This mechanism of translation in infected cells is critical for lytic protein synthesis and contributes to KSHV-induced PDGFRA activation and VEGF secretion. Thus, KSHV regulation of the oxygen-sensing machinery allows virally infected cells to initiate translation via the mTOR-dependent eIF4E1 or the HIF2α-dependent, mTOR-independent, eIF4E2. This “translation initiation plasticity” (TRIP) is an oncoviral strategy used to optimize viral protein expression that links molecular strategies of viral replication to angiogenicity and oncogenesis. Méndez-Solís et al. show that KSHV during the lytic phase upregulates and re-localizes HIF2α to the ER to gain access to the alternative translation machinery eIF4FH. This KSHV “translation initiation plasticity” allows infected cells to translate viral and host proteins via mTOR-dependent or -independent mechanisms contributing to KSHV-induced sarcomagenesis.
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