A critical overview of evaluations of alcoholism treatment.
A critical overview of evaluations of alcoholism treatment.
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酗酒治疗评估的批判性概述。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1979.tb05330.x
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Mandell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Mandell
大多数酒精中毒治疗评估没有使用适当的评估研究设计或适当的结果测量方法，其可靠性和有效性已经建立。关于治疗效果持久性的数据也缺失。因此，许多评估研究的结果是值得商榷的。建议对酒精成瘾、一般发病率和死亡率的测量，以及更常见的工作和犯罪史报告，作为评估治疗效果的必要措施。对酒精消费数量和频率的估计被认为比目前将治疗后的酒精消费分类为中度或重度饮酒更可取。很大一部分寻求治疗的酗酒者，即使不继续治疗，似乎也表现良好。所提供的治疗类型似乎并没有提高成功的机会。生活方式和社区因素可能影响治疗结果；然而，在大多数研究中并没有考虑到这些因素。通过评估研究来改善治疗项目管理的尝试是有希望的。按照专业标准进行审查，按照例外情况进行管理，并在个别情况下进行成本效益研究。提出了各州酒精中毒和治疗方案的若干成本效益指标，以配合现有数据使用。
Most alcoholism treatment evaluations do not use adequate evaluation research designs or an adequate array of outcome measures whose reliability and validity have been established. Data about the durability of treatment effects are also missing. As a result, many evaluation study findings are open to question. Measures of alcohol addiction, general morbidity, and mortality are proposed as essential in evaluating treatment effects, along with the more usual reports of work and criminal history. Estimates of quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption are deemed preferable to current categorizations of alcohol consumption after treatment into moderate or heavy drinking. A large proportion of alcoholics who seek treatment seem to do well even when they do not continue in it. The type of treatment provided does not seem to improve chances of success. Lifestyle and community factors are probably influencing outcomes of treatment; however, these have not been taken into account in most studies. Attempts to improve treatment program management by evaluation studies hold promise. Review by professional standards, management by exception, and cost effectiveness studies have been undertaken in isolated instances. Several cost effectiveness indicators for state alcoholism and treatment programs are proposed for use with available data.